Post by farmgal on Nov 11, 2012 4:45:21 GMT -5
November 12 is the 317th day of this leap year, in the Gregorian calendar.
There are 49 days remaining until the end of the year.
U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/
1439 Plymouth, England, becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plymouth
1520 Martin Luther’s books were burned at Cologne.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
1555 The English Parliament re-established Catholicism.
1701 The Carolina Assembly passed a Vestry Act making the Church of England the official religion of the Carolina Colony. (Strong opposition by Quakers and other resident Nonconformists forced the colony's proprietors to revoke their legislation two years later.)
ncmuseumofhistory.org/nchh/eighteenth.html
1779 Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg (1750–1801), son of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, was elected to a full term in the Continental Congress.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Muhlenberg
1799 Andrew Ellicott wrote the first known record of a meteor shower observed in the U.S. He viewed the display from a ship off the coast of Florida Keys at full moon. He wrote: "In every instant the meteors were as numerous as the stars," and that the "whole heaven appeared as if illuminated with sky rockets, flying in an infinity of directions, and I was in constant expectation of some of them falling on the vessel. They continued until put out by the light of the sun after day break." His account was read to the American Philosophical Society on 16 Jan 1801. The Leonids meteor shower is an annual event that is greatly enhanced every 33 years when accompanied by the appearance of the comet Tempel-Tuttle.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Ellicott_(surveyor)
1833 The great shower of the Leonid Meteors was recorded. Many observers clearly reported that the meteors seemed to radiate from a spot in Leo and that, as the constellation moved slowly westward during the night, the radiant point moved with it. Within weeks a Yale mathematician, Denison Olmsted, showed that this radiant point was simply an effect of perspective. The millions of meteors that fell that night had in fact been moving along parallel paths. They appeared to diverge from a point in Leo for the same reason that parallel lines on the ground (such as railroad tracks), appear to diverge from a point on the horizon. Following this realization, the meteors were given the Latin family name for their apparent place of origin: the Leonids.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonids
1869 Presbyterian churches reunited following the Civil War.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)#19th_century
1892 Pudge Heffelfinger receives $500, becomes first pro football player. On November 12, 1892, Heffelfinger played a game for the Duquesne Athletic Club of Pittsburgh. He was paid $500, the first time a player was known to be given money, although there may well have been under-the-table payments before that. Heffelfinger forced a fumble, picked up the ball, and ran 35 yards for the only touchdown as Duquesne beat the arch-rival Allegheny Athletic Association.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Heffelfinger
1899 American evangelist Dwight Lyman Moody, 62, began his last evangelistic campaign in Kansas City, Missouri. Becoming ill during the last service, Moody was unable to complete his message, and died a few days later, on Dec 22.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight_L._Moody
1906 The mercury soared to 106 degrees at Craftonville, CA, a November record for the U.S. (The Weather Channel)
1910 First movie stunt: man jumps into Hudson River from a burning balloon.
1920 Judge Kennesaw Mountain Landis elected first baseball commissioner. With deposed Ban Johnson barred from the meeting, the 16 ML clubs settle their differences. The 12-team-league idea is discarded, and the two leagues will continue with their same identities. The owners unanimously elect Kenesaw Mountain Landis chairman for seven years. Judge Landis accepts, but only as sole commissioner with final authority over the players and owners, while remaining a federal judge (with his $7,500 federal salary deducted from the baseball salary of $50,000). The agreement will be signed on January 12, 1921, when he is to begin his duties.
1923 In Akron, Ohio Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company announced it had purchased all patents and rights to manufacture Zeppelin dirigibles.
1925 Louis Armstrong recorded "My Heart." On November 12th, 1925 Louis Armstrong made his first records that bore his name as bandleader. The songs on the Okeh 78 rpm record were "My Heart", and Cornet Chop Suey. The band was made up mostly of musicians from King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band. The first version of the band featured Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Kid Ory on trombone, Johnny St. Cyr on banjo and Louis's wife, Lil Hardin-Armstrong on piano.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Armstrong
1926 The first recorded airplane bombing took place in Williamson County, Illinois, during a feud between rival beer and liquor factions, the Sheltons and the Birgers.
1927 Notre Dame's Fighting Irish changes blue jerseys for green. Knute Rockne didn't mind using the color change as a psychological ploy. When Notre Dame faced Navy in Baltimore in 1927, the Irish head coach started his second-string reserves. Navy retaliated by scoring a touchdown in the first five minutes of the game. But, just as the Midshipmen scored, reported George Trevor in the New York Sun, Rockne made his move: Instantaneously the Notre Dame regulars yanked off their blue outer sweaters and like a horde of green Gila monsters darted onto the field. From that moment on Notre Dame held the initiative, imposed its collective will upon the Navy.
1927 The Holland Tunnel connecting N.Y. and N.J., the world's first underwater vehicular tunnel, officially opened.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_Tunnel
1933 Hugh Gray takes the first known photos of the Loch Ness Monster.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loch_Ness_Monster
1933 First Sunday football game in Philadelphia (previously illegal)
1936 American League OKs night baseball for St Louis
1936 The Oakland Bay Bridge, California, U.S., opened for traffic (six months before the Golden Gate Bridge). Construction of the Bay Bridge began on 9 Jul 1933 to be a toll bridge across the San Francisco Bay linking Oakland and San Francisco. It is in effect two bridges connecting a central island, Yerba Buena Island, with each shore. From San Francisco, two suspension bridges end-to-end with a central anchorage reach the island, then traffic continues to Oakland over a truss causeway of five medium-span truss bridges and a double-tower cantilever span. The bridges were designed by Ralph Modjeski. When they opened, they were the longest suspended-deck bridge in the world and the longest cantilever bridge in the world.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_%E2%80%93_Oakland_Bay_Bridge
1938 Hermann Göring proposes plans to make Madagascar the "Jewish homeland", an idea that actually is first considered by 19th century journalist Theodor Herzl.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_a_Jewish_state#Madagascar_plan
1940 BATMAN was trademark registered. Batman (or Bat-Man) is a DC Comics fictional superhero who first appeared in Detective Comics #27 in May 1939. In early 1939, the success of Superman in Action Comics prompted editors at the comic book division of National Publications (the future DC Comics) to request more superheroes for its titles. In response, Bob Kane created "the Bat-Man". His collaborator Bill Finger offered such suggestions as giving the character a cowl instead of a simple domino mask, wearing a cape instead of wings, wearing gloves, and removing the red sections from the original costume. Batman got its own title in 1940.
1941 The first heredity clinic in the U.S. was opened by the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Data on human heredity was collected, and family counselling was offered.
1941 World War II: The Soviet cruiser Chervona Ukraina is destroyed during the Battle of Sevastopol.
1941 World War II: Temperatures around Moscow drop to -12 ° C and the Soviet Union launches ski troops for the first time against the freezing German forces near the city.
1941 Hot Lips Page performed the vocal for Artie Shaw’s very long and very slow version of "St. James Infirmary" on RCA Victor.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._James_Infirmary_Blues
1941 Alma Heflin, the first American female test pilot for standard production aircraft made her first test flight for the Piper Aircraft Corporation of Lock Haven, Pennsylvania.
1942 World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal between Japanese and American forces begins near Guadalcanal. The battle lasts for three days.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Battle_of_Guadalcanal
1946 The first "autobank", The Exchange National Bank (banking by car) was established in Chicago.
1946 Walt Disney's "Song Of The South" released. "Song of the South" is a feature film produced by Walt Disney Productions, released on November 12, 1946 by RKO Radio Pictures and based on the Uncle Remus cycle of stories by Joel Chandler Harris. It was one of Walt Disney's earliest feature films to combine live action footage with animation and was the first Disney feature film in which live actors were hired for lead roles.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_of_the_South
1948 The first mobile betatron began operation at the U.S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory, White Oak, Maryland. The betatron acclerated electrons using 10 million volts to produce a sharp beam of high-energy X-rays capable of penetrating 16 inches of steel. It was built by General Electric Company of Schenectady, N.Y.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betatron
1944 World War II: The Royal Air Force launches 29 Avro Lancaster bombers in one of the most successful precision bombing attacks of war and sinks the German battleship Tirpitz, with 12,000 lb Tallboy bombs off Tromsø, Norway.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_battleship_Tirpitz
1948 In Tokyo, an international war crimes tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials, including General Hideki Tojo, to death for their roles in World War II.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes_trials
1953 US District Judge Grim, rules NFL can black out TV home games
1954 Ellis Island, immigration station in NY Harbor, closed. In November of 1954 the last detainee, a Norwegian merchant seaman named Arne Peterssen was released, and Ellis Island officially closed. Changes in immigration laws and modes of transportation as well as cost effectiveness of operating the island all played a role in its closure.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellis_Island
1955 Date returned to in "Back to the Future" & "Back to the Future II"
1956 The largest iceberg on record was sighted by the USS Glacier, a U. S. Navy icebreaker, about 150 miles west of Scott Island in the Southern Hemisphere. It had broken from the Ross ice shelf in the Antarctic. Its size was about the size of Belgium - 208 miles long and 60 miles wide (335 km by 96 km). This record iceberg was many times larger than any seen in the Northern Hemisphere, where the largest iceberg on record was encountered near Baffin Island in 1882. It was 13 km long by 6 km wide, had a freeboard (height above water) of about 20 m, and a mass in excess of 9 billion tonnes. The USS Glacier, commissioned in 1955, was at the time of her construction, the largest icebreaker ever built.
1958 A team of rock climbers led by Warren Harding completes the first ascent of The Nose on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Capit%C3%A1n#Pioneering_.22The_Nose.22
1959 Between noon on the 11th and noon on the 12th, a winter storm buried Helena, MT, under 21.5 inches of snow, which surpassed their previous 24 hour record by seven inches. (The Weather Channel)
1964 Paula Murphy sets female land speed record 226.37 MPH. One of her first assignments with Granatelli was driving Studebaker Larks, Hawks, and Avantis as part of the team that set 370 stock car records in a single week at Utah's Bonneville Salt Flats in 1963. One of her records was a women's land speed mark of 161.23 mph in a Paxton-supercharged Avanti. After piloting a Walt Arfons jet-powered drag racing vehicle at Bonneville to a two-way average of 226.37 mph for another women's record late in 1964, Murphy began drag racing with an Olds 442 Cutlass that she drove through 1966.
1966 The first photograph was taken from the atmosphere by the satellite Gemini XII.
1966 "Poor Side of Town" by Johnny Rivers topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Rivers
1967 Pearl Bailey took over the lead in the Broadway musical, "Hello Dolly!" Bailey became known for her throaty, sexy voice, down-to-earth personality, and jokey mischievousness. Her screen debut came as a guest star in Variety Girl, in which she sang "Tired," her first major hit. She eventually appeared in a number of stage and screen musicals, as well as landing several straight roles. In the late '60s she was awarded a Tony for her work in the title role of Broadway's Hello Dolly!
1968 Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969) was a decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined the constitutional rights of students in U.S. public schools. The Tinker test is still used by courts today to determine whether a school's disciplinary actions violate students' First Amendment rights.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinker_v._Des_Moines_Independent_Community_School_District
1968 A severe coastal storm produced high winds and record early snows from Georgia to Maine. Winds reached 90 mph in Massachusetts, and ten inches of snow blanketed interior Maine. (David Ludlum)
1969 Vietnam War: My Lai Massacre Independent investigative journalist Seymour Hersh breaks the My Lai story.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Lai_Massacre
1970 The Oregon Highway Division attempts to destroy a rotting beached Sperm whale with explosives, leading to the now infamous "exploding whale" incident.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploding_whale#Oregon
1971 Vietnam War: As part of Vietnamization, US President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972 as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
1974 A great Alaska storm in the Bering Sea caused the worst coastal flooding of memory at Nome AK with a tide of 13.2 feet. The flooding caused 12 million dollars damage, however no lives are lost. (David Ludlum)
1978 As Bishop of Rome Pope John Paul II takes possession of his Cathedral Church, the Basilica of St. John Lateran.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_St._John_Lateran
1979 Iran hostage crisis: In response to the hostage situation in Tehran, US President Jimmy Carter orders a halt to all petroleum imports into the United States from Iran.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis
1980 The space probe Voyager I travelled under the rings and within 77,000 miles of Saturn.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_1
1980 John Lennon’s "Starting Over", was released. During the summer of 1980, Lennon returned to recording, signing a new contract with Geffen Records. Comprised equally of material by Lennon and Ono, Double Fantasy was released in November to positive reviews. As the album and its accompanying single, "(Just Like) Starting Over," were climbing the charts, Lennon was assassinated on December 8 by Mark David Chapman.
1981 First balloon crossing of the Pacific is completed (Double Eagle V) Double Eagle V, piloted by Ben Abruzzo, Larry Newman, Ron Clark and Rocky Aoki, was the first balloon to cross the Pacific Ocean. It launched from Nagashima, Japan on November 10, 1981, and landed in Mendocino National Forest in California 84 hours and 31 minutes later, travelling a record 5,768 miles (9,283 km). Abruzzo and Newman had previously been two of the pilots of the Double Eagle II, which in 1978 became the first balloon to cross the Atlantic.
1981 2nd shuttle mission-first time spacecraft launched twice (Columbia 2) Originally set to launch October 9, STS-2's mission was to demonstrate safe re-launch and safe return of the orbiter and crew and to verify the combined performance of the entire shuttle vehicle-orbiter, solid rocket boosters and external tank.
1982 In the Soviet Union, Yuri Andropov becomes the general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee, succeeding Leonid I. Brezhnev.
1982 Lech Wałęsa, a Solidarity leader, is released from a Polish prison after eleven months.
1984 Astronauts executed the first salvage operation in space when a Palapa B-2 satellite was retrieved. It was transported back to Earth in the cargo bay of the space shuttle Discovery.
1987 Heavy snow spread across much of New England. Totals in Massachusetts ranged up to 14 inches in Plymouth County. The seven inch total at the Logan Airport in Boston was their highest of record for so early in the season, and the 9.7 inch total at Providence RI was a record for November. Roads were clogged with traffic and made impassable as snowplow operators were caught unprepared for the early season snowstorm. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
1988 Thunderstorms developing ahead of a cold front produced severe weather in the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon and early evening hours. Thunderstorms produced wind gusts to 80 mph at Bovina MS. Morning thunderstorms drenched Atlanta TX with more than four inches of rain. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
1989 Thirty-three cities reported record high temperatures for the date as readings soared into the 70s and 80s from the Southern and Central Plains to the Southern and Middle Atlantic Coast Region. The afternoon high of 80 degrees at Scottsbluff NE was a record for November, and highs of 76 degrees at Rapid City SD and 81 degrees at Chattanooga TN were the warmest of record for so late in the season. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
1990 Tim Berners-Lee publishes a formal proposal for the World Wide Web
1997 Ramzi Yousef is found guilty of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.
1998 Vice President Al Gore signs the Kyoto Protocol.
1999 In Bartlesville, Oklahoma, a plaque was placed on the site of the laboratory where the polymer polypropylene was invented, designating it a National Historic Chemical Landmark by the American Chemical Society. The first commercially successful use of the new material was in the Hula Hoop®. In 1951, J. Paul Hogan and Robert L. Banks, research chemists working for Phillips Petroleum Company, discovered the polymer unexpectedly during experiments with catalysts while trying to convert the natural gas components ethylene and propylene into compounds useful for gasoline. Later, they also developed a new catalytic process for making high-density polyethylene. Phillips soon invested in new plastic manufacturing plants.
2001 In New York City, American Airlines Flight 587, an Airbus A300 en route to the Dominican Republic, crashes minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 260 on board and five on the ground.
2001 Attack on Afghanistan: Taliban forces abandon Kabul, Afghanistan, ahead of advancing Afghan Northern Alliance troops.
2003 Thunderstorms developed in southern California and produced torrential downpours across parts of the Los Angeles area. More than 5 inches of rain fell in just 2 hours in southern Los Angeles, producing severe urban flooding. Small hail also accompanied the storms, accumulating several inches deep in some areas of the city. Nearly 115,000 electrical customers lost power as the storms affected the area (Associated Press).
Births
1615 Richard Baxter, Rowton, Shropshire, England, English Puritan clergyman and hymnist, (d. 8 Dec 1691).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Baxter
1648/51 Sor (Sister) Juana Inés de la Cruz (d 1695), fully Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez de Santillana, self-taught scholar,she was the septima musa,poet of the Baroque school, and nun of New Spain. Although she lived in a colonial era when Mexico was part of the Spanish Empire, she is considered today a Mexican writer, and stands at the beginning of the history of Mexican literature in the Spanish language.
1795 Thaddeus William Harris (d 1856) American entomologist and botanist.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaddeus_William_Harris
1801 Wilhelm Sihler, LCMS co-founder and college president, was born in Bernstadt, near Breslau, Silesia (d. 27 Oct 1885).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Sihler
1808 Ray Palmer, in Little Compton, Rhode Island, American Congregational clergyman and hymnist, among many others, wrote "Jesus, Thou Joy of Loving Hearts" and "My Faith Looks Up to Thee" (d. 29 Mar 1887).
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/p/a/l/palmer_r.htm
1815 Elizabeth Cady Stanton (d 1902) American social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early woman's movement. Her Declaration of Sentiments, presented at the first women's rights convention held in 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York, is often credited with initiating the first organized woman's rights and woman's suffrage movements in the United States. Before Stanton narrowed her political focus almost exclusively to women's rights, she had been an active abolitionist together with her husband, Henry Brewster Stanton and cousin, Gerrit Smith. Unlike many of those involved in the woman's rights movement, Stanton addressed a number of issues pertaining to women beyond voting rights. Her concerns included women's parental and custody rights, property rights, employment and income rights, divorce laws, the economic health of the family, and birth control. She was also an outspoken supporter of the 19th-century temperance movement.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton
1866 Sun Yat-sen 孫中山, the Father of China; 1st President of the Republic of China (d. 1925)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen
1889 DeWitt Wallace (d 1981), also known as William Roy (full name: William Roy DeWitt Wallace) United States magazine publisher. He co-founded Reader's Digest with his wife Lila Wallace and published the first issue in 1922.
1891 Seth Barnes Nicholson (d 1963) American astronomer best known for discovering four satellites of Jupiter. As a graduate student at the University of California, while photographing the recently-discovered 8th moon of Jupiter with the 36-inch Crossley reflector, he discovered a 9th (1914). During his life career at Mt.Wilson Observatory, he discovered two more Jovian satellites (1938) and the 12th (1951), as well as a Trojan asteroid, and computed orbits of several comets and of Pluto. His main assignment at Mt. Wilson was observing the sun with the 150-foot solar tower telescope, and he produced annual reports on sunspot activity and magnetism for decades. With Edison Pettit, he measured the temperatures of the moon, planets, sunspots, and stars in the early 1920s.
1901 James Luther Adams (d 1994), a professor at Harvard Divinity School, Andover Newton Theological School, and Meadville Lombard Theological School, and a Unitarian parish minister, was the most influential theologian among American Unitarian Universalists in the 20th century.
1908 Harold Andrew Blackmun (d 1999) Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 until 1994. He is best known as the author of Roe v. Wade.
1917 Jo Elizabeth Stafford (d 2008) American singer of traditional pop music and jazz standards whose career ran from the late 1930s to the early 1960s. Stafford was greatly admired for the purity of her voice and was considered one of the most versatile vocalists of the era. She was also viewed as a pioneer of modern musical parody, having won a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album in 1961 (with husband Paul Weston) for their album Jonathan and Darlene Edwards in Paris. She was also the first woman to have a No 1 on the UK Singles Chart.
1926 John W. "Jack" Ryan (d 1991) American inventor who for 20 years designed best-selling toys for Mattell Inc., including the Barbie doll, Hot Wheels and Chatty Cathy talking doll. His "space-aged savvy" and knowledge of materials came from his earlier employment, working as an engineer for the Raytheon Company designing the Navy's Sparrow III and Hawk guided missiles for the Navy. Ryan's association with Mattell began as a self-employed consultant for several years prior to becoming its vice president for research and design. Ryan invented the joints that allowed Barbie to bend at the waist and the knee. He also introduced the pull-string, talking voice boxes for Mattel's dolls
1929 Grace Patricia Kelly (d 1982) American Academy Award-winning actress and Princess consort of Monaco. In April 1956 Kelly married Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and became styled as Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco, and was commonly referred to as Princess Grace.
1961 Nadia Elena Comãneci Romanian gymnast, winner of three Olympic gold medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics, and the first gymnast ever to be awarded a perfect score of 10 in an Olympic gymnastic event. She is also the winner of two gold medals at the 1980 Summer Olympics. She is one of the best-known gymnasts in the world . In 2000 Comãneci was named as one of the athletes of the century by the Laureus World Sports Academy.
Deaths
607 Pope Boniface III. Pope from 19 February to 12 November 607. Despite his short time as Pope he made a significant contribution to the organization of the Catholic Church.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Boniface_III
1908 William Keith Brooks (b 1848) American zoologist known for his research on the anatomy and embryology of marine animals, especially the tunicates, crustaceans (e.g., crayfish), and mollusks (notably the oyster). He was one of the first morphologists to accept Charles Darwin's evolutionary concepts. Brooks advocated the study of marine organisms in their natural habitats. Though remaining in the tradition of 19th-century descriptive morphology, through his more able students, he influenced the transition to an experimental, causal approach to 20th-century biology, particularly in cytology, genetics, and embryology. He founded the Chesapeake Zoological Laboratory (1878) and championed the conservation of the Chesapeake Bay oyster.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Keith_Brooks
1916 Percival Lowell (b 1855) American astronomer who predicted the existence of the planet Pluto and initiated the search that ended in its discovery. Lowell was also passionately committed to finding proof of intelligent life on Mars. In 1894, he founded the Lowell Observatory, atop Mars Hill, at Flagstaff as Arizona's first astronomical observatory. Studying Mars, Lowell drew in intricate detail, the network of several hundred fine, straight lines and their intersection in a number of "oases." Lowell concluded that the bright areas were deserts and the dark ones were patches of vegetation. He believed further, that water from the melting polar cap flowed down the canals toward the equatorial region to revive the vegetation.
1938 Clarence Hungerford Mackay (b 1874) American communications executive and philanthropist who supervised the completion of the first transpacific cable between the United States and the Far East in 1904. He laid a cable between New York and Cuba in 1907 and later established cable communication with southern Europe via the Azores and with northern Europe via Ireland. In 1928, he became the first to combine radio, cables, and telegraphs under one management. Unfortunately the Postal Telegraph-Commercial Cable empire he had inherited from his father was shattered in the depression of 1929, going into receivership in 1935. In 1943 the Mackay land lines merged with Western Union. He founded the multinational company International Telephone and Telegraph.
1941 Abe "Kid Twist" Reles (b 1906) New York mobster who was widely considered the most feared hit man for Murder, Inc., the enforcement contractor for the National Crime Syndicate.[citation needed] Reles later turned government witness and sent several members of Murder, Inc. to the electric chair.
1944 George David Birkhoff (b 1884) American mathematician, foremost of the early 20th century, who formulated the ergodic theorem. As the first American dynamicist, Birkhoff picked up where Poincaré left off, gaining distinction in 1913 with his proof of Poincaré's Last Geometric Theorem, a special case of the 3-body problem. Although primarily a geometer, he discovered new symbolic methods. He saw beyond the theory of oscillations, created a rigorous theory of ergodic behavior, and foresaw dynamical models for chaos. His ergodic theorem transformed the Maxwell- Boltzmann ergodic hypothesis of the kinetic theory of gases (to which exceptions are known) into a rigorous principle through use of the Lebesgue measure theory. He also produced a mathematical model of gravity.
1981 William Holden (b 1918) American actor, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1954, and the Emmy Award for Best Actor in 1974. One of the top stars of the 1950s, he was named one of the "Top 10 stars of the year" six times (1954–1958, 1961) and appeared on the American Film Institute's AFI's 100 Years…100 Stars list as #25.
1990 Eve Arden (b 1908) American actress. Her almost 60-year career crossed most media frontiers with supporting and leading roles, but she is perhaps best remembered for playing the sardonic but engaging high school teacher in the classic Our Miss Brooks (radio and television), and as the Rydell High School principal in the films Grease and Grease 2.
1993 Harry Robbins "Bob" Haldeman (publicly known as H. R. Haldeman; b 1926) American political aide and businessman, best known for his service as White House Chief of Staff to President Richard Nixon and for his role in events leading to the Watergate burglaries and the Watergate scandal — for which he was found guilty of conspiracy and obstruction of justice. He was imprisoned for 18 months for his crimes. In the popular press, Haldeman was sometimes erroneously identified as "H. Robert Haldeman." In the White House, he had several nicknames, such as "The Brush" for his distinctive flattop haircut, "the President's son-of-a-bitch," for his rigid ways and "the Berlin Wall" as a play on his German-American background.
1994 Wilma Glodean Rudolph (b 1940) American athlete. Rudolph was considered the fastest woman in the world in the 1960s and competed in two Olympic Games, in 1956 and in 1960. In the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome she became the first American woman to win three gold medals in track and field during a single Olympic Games.[1] A track and field champion, she elevated women's track to a major presence in the United States. She is also regarded as a civil rights and women's rights pioneer. Along with other 1960 Olympic athletes such as Cassius Clay, who later became Muhammad Ali, Rudolph became an international star due to the first international television coverage of the Olympics that year.[
2006 General Jacob Edward Smart (b 1909) U.S. Army Air Force leader in World War II and Cold War era Air Force general. When the United States entered World War II, Smart (Colonel at that time) was chief of staff for flight training at Air Force headquarters in Washington, D.C.. He joined the Air Corps Advisory Council in July 1942, serving on the staff of General “Hap” Arnold, Chief of Staff of the Army Air Force. In this position, he was involved with the planning of the invasion of Europe and participated in the meeting between U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in Casablanca, Morocco in 1943. He received the Legion of Merit for his services.
Holidays and observances
Christian Feast Day:
Cumméne Fota
Josaphat Kuntsevych
Nilus of Sinai
Patiens
November 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
John the Merciful, Patriarch of Alexandria (ca. 620)
Nilus of Sinai (ca. 430)
Blessed John the Hairy of Rostov, fool-for-Christ (1580)
Prophet Ahijah the Shilonite (ca. 960 B.C.)
St. Leontius, patriarch of Constantinople (1143)
St. Nilus the Myrrh-gusher of Mt. Athos (1651)
Other commemorations
"The Merciful" Icon of the Mother of God, Kykkiotisa from Kykkos Monastery on Cyprus
Birth of Bahá'u'lláh, celebration started at sunset the day before. (Bahá'í Faith)
Birth of Sun Yat-Sen, also Doctors' Day and Cultural Renaissance Day. (Taiwan)
www.todayinsci.com/11/11_12.htm
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.amug.org/~jpaul/nov12.html
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
www.lutheranhistory.org/history/tih1112.htm
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm
There are 49 days remaining until the end of the year.
U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/
1439 Plymouth, England, becomes the first town incorporated by the English Parliament
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plymouth
1520 Martin Luther’s books were burned at Cologne.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Luther
1555 The English Parliament re-established Catholicism.
1701 The Carolina Assembly passed a Vestry Act making the Church of England the official religion of the Carolina Colony. (Strong opposition by Quakers and other resident Nonconformists forced the colony's proprietors to revoke their legislation two years later.)
ncmuseumofhistory.org/nchh/eighteenth.html
1779 Frederick Augustus Conrad Muhlenberg (1750–1801), son of Henry Melchior Muhlenberg, was elected to a full term in the Continental Congress.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frederick_Muhlenberg
1799 Andrew Ellicott wrote the first known record of a meteor shower observed in the U.S. He viewed the display from a ship off the coast of Florida Keys at full moon. He wrote: "In every instant the meteors were as numerous as the stars," and that the "whole heaven appeared as if illuminated with sky rockets, flying in an infinity of directions, and I was in constant expectation of some of them falling on the vessel. They continued until put out by the light of the sun after day break." His account was read to the American Philosophical Society on 16 Jan 1801. The Leonids meteor shower is an annual event that is greatly enhanced every 33 years when accompanied by the appearance of the comet Tempel-Tuttle.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrew_Ellicott_(surveyor)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leonids
1869 Presbyterian churches reunited following the Civil War.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_(USA)#19th_century
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Heffelfinger
1899 American evangelist Dwight Lyman Moody, 62, began his last evangelistic campaign in Kansas City, Missouri. Becoming ill during the last service, Moody was unable to complete his message, and died a few days later, on Dec 22.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwight_L._Moody
1906 The mercury soared to 106 degrees at Craftonville, CA, a November record for the U.S. (The Weather Channel)
1910 First movie stunt: man jumps into Hudson River from a burning balloon.
1923 In Akron, Ohio Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company announced it had purchased all patents and rights to manufacture Zeppelin dirigibles.
1925 Louis Armstrong recorded "My Heart." On November 12th, 1925 Louis Armstrong made his first records that bore his name as bandleader. The songs on the Okeh 78 rpm record were "My Heart", and Cornet Chop Suey. The band was made up mostly of musicians from King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band. The first version of the band featured Johnny Dodds on clarinet, Kid Ory on trombone, Johnny St. Cyr on banjo and Louis's wife, Lil Hardin-Armstrong on piano.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Armstrong
1926 The first recorded airplane bombing took place in Williamson County, Illinois, during a feud between rival beer and liquor factions, the Sheltons and the Birgers.
1927 Notre Dame's Fighting Irish changes blue jerseys for green. Knute Rockne didn't mind using the color change as a psychological ploy. When Notre Dame faced Navy in Baltimore in 1927, the Irish head coach started his second-string reserves. Navy retaliated by scoring a touchdown in the first five minutes of the game. But, just as the Midshipmen scored, reported George Trevor in the New York Sun, Rockne made his move: Instantaneously the Notre Dame regulars yanked off their blue outer sweaters and like a horde of green Gila monsters darted onto the field. From that moment on Notre Dame held the initiative, imposed its collective will upon the Navy.
1927 The Holland Tunnel connecting N.Y. and N.J., the world's first underwater vehicular tunnel, officially opened.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Holland_Tunnel
1933 Hugh Gray takes the first known photos of the Loch Ness Monster.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loch_Ness_Monster
1933 First Sunday football game in Philadelphia (previously illegal)
1936 American League OKs night baseball for St Louis
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_Francisco_%E2%80%93_Oakland_Bay_Bridge
1938 Hermann Göring proposes plans to make Madagascar the "Jewish homeland", an idea that actually is first considered by 19th century journalist Theodor Herzl.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Proposals_for_a_Jewish_state#Madagascar_plan
1941 The first heredity clinic in the U.S. was opened by the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor. Data on human heredity was collected, and family counselling was offered.
1941 World War II: The Soviet cruiser Chervona Ukraina is destroyed during the Battle of Sevastopol.
1941 World War II: Temperatures around Moscow drop to -12 ° C and the Soviet Union launches ski troops for the first time against the freezing German forces near the city.
1941 Hot Lips Page performed the vocal for Artie Shaw’s very long and very slow version of "St. James Infirmary" on RCA Victor.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/St._James_Infirmary_Blues
1941 Alma Heflin, the first American female test pilot for standard production aircraft made her first test flight for the Piper Aircraft Corporation of Lock Haven, Pennsylvania.
1942 World War II: The Naval Battle of Guadalcanal between Japanese and American forces begins near Guadalcanal. The battle lasts for three days.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naval_Battle_of_Guadalcanal
1946 The first "autobank", The Exchange National Bank (banking by car) was established in Chicago.
1946 Walt Disney's "Song Of The South" released. "Song of the South" is a feature film produced by Walt Disney Productions, released on November 12, 1946 by RKO Radio Pictures and based on the Uncle Remus cycle of stories by Joel Chandler Harris. It was one of Walt Disney's earliest feature films to combine live action footage with animation and was the first Disney feature film in which live actors were hired for lead roles.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Song_of_the_South
1948 The first mobile betatron began operation at the U.S. Naval Ordnance Laboratory, White Oak, Maryland. The betatron acclerated electrons using 10 million volts to produce a sharp beam of high-energy X-rays capable of penetrating 16 inches of steel. It was built by General Electric Company of Schenectady, N.Y.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betatron
1944 World War II: The Royal Air Force launches 29 Avro Lancaster bombers in one of the most successful precision bombing attacks of war and sinks the German battleship Tirpitz, with 12,000 lb Tallboy bombs off Tromsø, Norway.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_battleship_Tirpitz
1948 In Tokyo, an international war crimes tribunal sentences seven Japanese military and government officials, including General Hideki Tojo, to death for their roles in World War II.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Japanese_war_crimes_trials
1953 US District Judge Grim, rules NFL can black out TV home games
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ellis_Island
1955 Date returned to in "Back to the Future" & "Back to the Future II"
1958 A team of rock climbers led by Warren Harding completes the first ascent of The Nose on El Capitan in Yosemite Valley.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Capit%C3%A1n#Pioneering_.22The_Nose.22
1959 Between noon on the 11th and noon on the 12th, a winter storm buried Helena, MT, under 21.5 inches of snow, which surpassed their previous 24 hour record by seven inches. (The Weather Channel)
1964 Paula Murphy sets female land speed record 226.37 MPH. One of her first assignments with Granatelli was driving Studebaker Larks, Hawks, and Avantis as part of the team that set 370 stock car records in a single week at Utah's Bonneville Salt Flats in 1963. One of her records was a women's land speed mark of 161.23 mph in a Paxton-supercharged Avanti. After piloting a Walt Arfons jet-powered drag racing vehicle at Bonneville to a two-way average of 226.37 mph for another women's record late in 1964, Murphy began drag racing with an Olds 442 Cutlass that she drove through 1966.
1966 The first photograph was taken from the atmosphere by the satellite Gemini XII.
1966 "Poor Side of Town" by Johnny Rivers topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Rivers
1967 Pearl Bailey took over the lead in the Broadway musical, "Hello Dolly!" Bailey became known for her throaty, sexy voice, down-to-earth personality, and jokey mischievousness. Her screen debut came as a guest star in Variety Girl, in which she sang "Tired," her first major hit. She eventually appeared in a number of stage and screen musicals, as well as landing several straight roles. In the late '60s she was awarded a Tony for her work in the title role of Broadway's Hello Dolly!
1968 Tinker v. Des Moines Independent Community School District, 393 U.S. 503 (1969) was a decision by the United States Supreme Court that defined the constitutional rights of students in U.S. public schools. The Tinker test is still used by courts today to determine whether a school's disciplinary actions violate students' First Amendment rights.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tinker_v._Des_Moines_Independent_Community_School_District
1968 A severe coastal storm produced high winds and record early snows from Georgia to Maine. Winds reached 90 mph in Massachusetts, and ten inches of snow blanketed interior Maine. (David Ludlum)
1969 Vietnam War: My Lai Massacre Independent investigative journalist Seymour Hersh breaks the My Lai story.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Lai_Massacre
1970 The Oregon Highway Division attempts to destroy a rotting beached Sperm whale with explosives, leading to the now infamous "exploding whale" incident.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploding_whale#Oregon
1971 Vietnam War: As part of Vietnamization, US President Richard M. Nixon sets February 1, 1972 as the deadline for the removal of another 45,000 American troops from Vietnam.
1974 A great Alaska storm in the Bering Sea caused the worst coastal flooding of memory at Nome AK with a tide of 13.2 feet. The flooding caused 12 million dollars damage, however no lives are lost. (David Ludlum)
1978 As Bishop of Rome Pope John Paul II takes possession of his Cathedral Church, the Basilica of St. John Lateran.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Basilica_of_St._John_Lateran
1979 Iran hostage crisis: In response to the hostage situation in Tehran, US President Jimmy Carter orders a halt to all petroleum imports into the United States from Iran.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iran_hostage_crisis
1980 The space probe Voyager I travelled under the rings and within 77,000 miles of Saturn.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voyager_1
1980 John Lennon’s "Starting Over", was released. During the summer of 1980, Lennon returned to recording, signing a new contract with Geffen Records. Comprised equally of material by Lennon and Ono, Double Fantasy was released in November to positive reviews. As the album and its accompanying single, "(Just Like) Starting Over," were climbing the charts, Lennon was assassinated on December 8 by Mark David Chapman.
1982 In the Soviet Union, Yuri Andropov becomes the general secretary of the Soviet Communist Party's Central Committee, succeeding Leonid I. Brezhnev.
1982 Lech Wałęsa, a Solidarity leader, is released from a Polish prison after eleven months.
1984 Astronauts executed the first salvage operation in space when a Palapa B-2 satellite was retrieved. It was transported back to Earth in the cargo bay of the space shuttle Discovery.
1987 Heavy snow spread across much of New England. Totals in Massachusetts ranged up to 14 inches in Plymouth County. The seven inch total at the Logan Airport in Boston was their highest of record for so early in the season, and the 9.7 inch total at Providence RI was a record for November. Roads were clogged with traffic and made impassable as snowplow operators were caught unprepared for the early season snowstorm. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
1988 Thunderstorms developing ahead of a cold front produced severe weather in the Lower Mississippi Valley during the afternoon and early evening hours. Thunderstorms produced wind gusts to 80 mph at Bovina MS. Morning thunderstorms drenched Atlanta TX with more than four inches of rain. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
1989 Thirty-three cities reported record high temperatures for the date as readings soared into the 70s and 80s from the Southern and Central Plains to the Southern and Middle Atlantic Coast Region. The afternoon high of 80 degrees at Scottsbluff NE was a record for November, and highs of 76 degrees at Rapid City SD and 81 degrees at Chattanooga TN were the warmest of record for so late in the season. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
1990 Tim Berners-Lee publishes a formal proposal for the World Wide Web
1997 Ramzi Yousef is found guilty of masterminding the 1993 World Trade Center bombing.
1998 Vice President Al Gore signs the Kyoto Protocol.
2001 In New York City, American Airlines Flight 587, an Airbus A300 en route to the Dominican Republic, crashes minutes after takeoff from John F. Kennedy International Airport, killing all 260 on board and five on the ground.
2001 Attack on Afghanistan: Taliban forces abandon Kabul, Afghanistan, ahead of advancing Afghan Northern Alliance troops.
2003 Thunderstorms developed in southern California and produced torrential downpours across parts of the Los Angeles area. More than 5 inches of rain fell in just 2 hours in southern Los Angeles, producing severe urban flooding. Small hail also accompanied the storms, accumulating several inches deep in some areas of the city. Nearly 115,000 electrical customers lost power as the storms affected the area (Associated Press).
Births
1615 Richard Baxter, Rowton, Shropshire, England, English Puritan clergyman and hymnist, (d. 8 Dec 1691).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Richard_Baxter
1648/51 Sor (Sister) Juana Inés de la Cruz (d 1695), fully Juana Inés de Asbaje y Ramírez de Santillana, self-taught scholar,she was the septima musa,poet of the Baroque school, and nun of New Spain. Although she lived in a colonial era when Mexico was part of the Spanish Empire, she is considered today a Mexican writer, and stands at the beginning of the history of Mexican literature in the Spanish language.
1795 Thaddeus William Harris (d 1856) American entomologist and botanist.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thaddeus_William_Harris
1801 Wilhelm Sihler, LCMS co-founder and college president, was born in Bernstadt, near Breslau, Silesia (d. 27 Oct 1885).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilhelm_Sihler
1808 Ray Palmer, in Little Compton, Rhode Island, American Congregational clergyman and hymnist, among many others, wrote "Jesus, Thou Joy of Loving Hearts" and "My Faith Looks Up to Thee" (d. 29 Mar 1887).
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/p/a/l/palmer_r.htm
1815 Elizabeth Cady Stanton (d 1902) American social activist, abolitionist, and leading figure of the early woman's movement. Her Declaration of Sentiments, presented at the first women's rights convention held in 1848 in Seneca Falls, New York, is often credited with initiating the first organized woman's rights and woman's suffrage movements in the United States. Before Stanton narrowed her political focus almost exclusively to women's rights, she had been an active abolitionist together with her husband, Henry Brewster Stanton and cousin, Gerrit Smith. Unlike many of those involved in the woman's rights movement, Stanton addressed a number of issues pertaining to women beyond voting rights. Her concerns included women's parental and custody rights, property rights, employment and income rights, divorce laws, the economic health of the family, and birth control. She was also an outspoken supporter of the 19th-century temperance movement.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elizabeth_Cady_Stanton
1866 Sun Yat-sen 孫中山, the Father of China; 1st President of the Republic of China (d. 1925)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sun_Yat-sen
1889 DeWitt Wallace (d 1981), also known as William Roy (full name: William Roy DeWitt Wallace) United States magazine publisher. He co-founded Reader's Digest with his wife Lila Wallace and published the first issue in 1922.
1901 James Luther Adams (d 1994), a professor at Harvard Divinity School, Andover Newton Theological School, and Meadville Lombard Theological School, and a Unitarian parish minister, was the most influential theologian among American Unitarian Universalists in the 20th century.
1908 Harold Andrew Blackmun (d 1999) Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States from 1970 until 1994. He is best known as the author of Roe v. Wade.
1917 Jo Elizabeth Stafford (d 2008) American singer of traditional pop music and jazz standards whose career ran from the late 1930s to the early 1960s. Stafford was greatly admired for the purity of her voice and was considered one of the most versatile vocalists of the era. She was also viewed as a pioneer of modern musical parody, having won a Grammy Award for Best Comedy Album in 1961 (with husband Paul Weston) for their album Jonathan and Darlene Edwards in Paris. She was also the first woman to have a No 1 on the UK Singles Chart.
1929 Grace Patricia Kelly (d 1982) American Academy Award-winning actress and Princess consort of Monaco. In April 1956 Kelly married Rainier III, Prince of Monaco, and became styled as Her Serene Highness The Princess of Monaco, and was commonly referred to as Princess Grace.
1961 Nadia Elena Comãneci Romanian gymnast, winner of three Olympic gold medals at the 1976 Summer Olympics, and the first gymnast ever to be awarded a perfect score of 10 in an Olympic gymnastic event. She is also the winner of two gold medals at the 1980 Summer Olympics. She is one of the best-known gymnasts in the world . In 2000 Comãneci was named as one of the athletes of the century by the Laureus World Sports Academy.
Deaths
607 Pope Boniface III. Pope from 19 February to 12 November 607. Despite his short time as Pope he made a significant contribution to the organization of the Catholic Church.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Boniface_III
1908 William Keith Brooks (b 1848) American zoologist known for his research on the anatomy and embryology of marine animals, especially the tunicates, crustaceans (e.g., crayfish), and mollusks (notably the oyster). He was one of the first morphologists to accept Charles Darwin's evolutionary concepts. Brooks advocated the study of marine organisms in their natural habitats. Though remaining in the tradition of 19th-century descriptive morphology, through his more able students, he influenced the transition to an experimental, causal approach to 20th-century biology, particularly in cytology, genetics, and embryology. He founded the Chesapeake Zoological Laboratory (1878) and championed the conservation of the Chesapeake Bay oyster.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Keith_Brooks
1941 Abe "Kid Twist" Reles (b 1906) New York mobster who was widely considered the most feared hit man for Murder, Inc., the enforcement contractor for the National Crime Syndicate.[citation needed] Reles later turned government witness and sent several members of Murder, Inc. to the electric chair.
1981 William Holden (b 1918) American actor, he won the Academy Award for Best Actor in 1954, and the Emmy Award for Best Actor in 1974. One of the top stars of the 1950s, he was named one of the "Top 10 stars of the year" six times (1954–1958, 1961) and appeared on the American Film Institute's AFI's 100 Years…100 Stars list as #25.
1990 Eve Arden (b 1908) American actress. Her almost 60-year career crossed most media frontiers with supporting and leading roles, but she is perhaps best remembered for playing the sardonic but engaging high school teacher in the classic Our Miss Brooks (radio and television), and as the Rydell High School principal in the films Grease and Grease 2.
1993 Harry Robbins "Bob" Haldeman (publicly known as H. R. Haldeman; b 1926) American political aide and businessman, best known for his service as White House Chief of Staff to President Richard Nixon and for his role in events leading to the Watergate burglaries and the Watergate scandal — for which he was found guilty of conspiracy and obstruction of justice. He was imprisoned for 18 months for his crimes. In the popular press, Haldeman was sometimes erroneously identified as "H. Robert Haldeman." In the White House, he had several nicknames, such as "The Brush" for his distinctive flattop haircut, "the President's son-of-a-bitch," for his rigid ways and "the Berlin Wall" as a play on his German-American background.
1994 Wilma Glodean Rudolph (b 1940) American athlete. Rudolph was considered the fastest woman in the world in the 1960s and competed in two Olympic Games, in 1956 and in 1960. In the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome she became the first American woman to win three gold medals in track and field during a single Olympic Games.[1] A track and field champion, she elevated women's track to a major presence in the United States. She is also regarded as a civil rights and women's rights pioneer. Along with other 1960 Olympic athletes such as Cassius Clay, who later became Muhammad Ali, Rudolph became an international star due to the first international television coverage of the Olympics that year.[
2006 General Jacob Edward Smart (b 1909) U.S. Army Air Force leader in World War II and Cold War era Air Force general. When the United States entered World War II, Smart (Colonel at that time) was chief of staff for flight training at Air Force headquarters in Washington, D.C.. He joined the Air Corps Advisory Council in July 1942, serving on the staff of General “Hap” Arnold, Chief of Staff of the Army Air Force. In this position, he was involved with the planning of the invasion of Europe and participated in the meeting between U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt and British Prime Minister Winston Churchill in Casablanca, Morocco in 1943. He received the Legion of Merit for his services.
Holidays and observances
Christian Feast Day:
Cumméne Fota
Josaphat Kuntsevych
Nilus of Sinai
Patiens
November 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
John the Merciful, Patriarch of Alexandria (ca. 620)
Nilus of Sinai (ca. 430)
Blessed John the Hairy of Rostov, fool-for-Christ (1580)
Prophet Ahijah the Shilonite (ca. 960 B.C.)
St. Leontius, patriarch of Constantinople (1143)
St. Nilus the Myrrh-gusher of Mt. Athos (1651)
Other commemorations
"The Merciful" Icon of the Mother of God, Kykkiotisa from Kykkos Monastery on Cyprus
Birth of Bahá'u'lláh, celebration started at sunset the day before. (Bahá'í Faith)
Birth of Sun Yat-Sen, also Doctors' Day and Cultural Renaissance Day. (Taiwan)
www.todayinsci.com/11/11_12.htm
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.amug.org/~jpaul/nov12.html
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/November_12_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
www.lutheranhistory.org/history/tih1112.htm
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm