Post by farmgal on Oct 9, 2012 4:41:46 GMT -5
October 10 is the 284th day of this leap year in the Gregorian calendar.
There are 82 days remaining until the end of the year.
Days until Election Day, Tuesday November 6, 2012: 26
Countdown until Obama leaves Office www.obamaclock.org/
U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/
680 - Battle of Karbala: Hussain bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated by forces under Caliph Yazid I. This is commemorated by Muslims as Aashurah.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aashurah
images.search.yahoo.com/search/images;_ylt=A0oGdS8GbXRQLl0ANzVXNyoA?p=Day+of+Ashura&fr=ush-mailn&fr2=piv-web
Muslim Invasions: Battle of Tours
732 - Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, the leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors, stopping the Muslims from spreading into Western Europe. The governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, is killed during the battle.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tours
Areas affected by the hurricane (excluding Bermuda)
1780 The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000-30,000 in the Caribbean.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Hurricane_of_1780
1796 According to tradition, the metric system was born. The Oct 10 (10/10) date was chosen since it seems to signify the base 10 way of using measurements.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_system#Original_system
Salina, OK : Old Chouteau Trading Post photo
1802 First non indian settlement in Oklahoma. In 1802 the first permanent white settlement was made in Oklahoma. This was a trading post which was established by the Chouteau Brothers, of St. Louis, who came to trade with the Osage Indians, who then ranged over the valleys of the Grand and Verdigris rivers. It was located in the east bank of the Grand River, in Mayes County, upon the site of the present town of Salina.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salina,_OK
1804 - A famous snow hurricane occurred. The unusual coastal storm caused northerly gales from Maine to New Jersey. Heavy snow fell across New England, with three feet reported at the crest of the Green Mountains. A foot of snow was reported in the Berkshires of southern New England, at Goshen CT. (David Ludlum)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_Hurricane_of_1804
1821 Charles Finney, 29, claimed to have received "a mighty baptism of the Holy Ghost," and was converted to a Christian faith. Finney soon abandoned his pursuit of law and embarked on a 50-year career in evangelism and higher education.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Finney
1845 The Naval School (now called US Naval Academy) opens at Annapolis. The institution was founded as the Naval School in 1845 by Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft. The campus was established at Annapolis on the grounds of the former U.S. Army post Fort Severn. The school opened on October 10 with 50 Midshipmen students and seven professors. Commodore Matthew Perry had a considerable interest in naval education, supporting an apprentice system to train new seamen, and helped establish the curriculum for the United States Naval Academy.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Naval_Academy
1860 The original cornerstone of the University of the South is laid in Sewanee, Tennessee.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_South
1862 John Bankhead Magruder sent to Texas. Confederate General John Bankhead Magruder is given command of the Trans-Mississippi Department. A Maryland native, Magruder attended West Point and graduated in 1830. He distinguished himself during the Mexican War when he commanded a company during General Winfield Scott's campaign from Vera Cruz to Mexico City. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel for meritorious service. After the war, he served in a variety of military positions, including a stint as an observer in France. Magruder garnered a reputation as a playboy prone to heavy drinking and lavish entertainment and became known as "Prince John."
When the war broke out in 1861, Magruder resigned his commission and joined the Confederate army. He was placed in charge of defenses between the York and James Rivers. On June 10, 1861, Union General Benjamin Butler attacked Magruder's force at Big Bethel. The Confederates repulsed the assault in what is considered the first land battle of the war. Although the credit actually belonged to junior officers John Bell Hood and Daniel Harvey Hill, Magruder made the most of the modest victory, and the Southern press inflated the stories to make him an early Confederate hero.
The next year, Magruder brilliantly defended the James Peninsula during Union General George McClellan's campaign against the Confederate capital at Richmond. Magruder dammed streams, flooded lowlands, placed painted logs called "Quaker guns" at strategic points to fool the Yankees, and marched parts of his 13,000-man army back and forth to give the illusion of greater strength. McClellan fell for the ruse and spent more than a month outside of Yorktown while the Confederates moved more troops into place.
Magruder's reputation soon unraveled. At the Seven Days' battle, Magruder was tentative and sluggish as a field commander. He seemed to crack under pressure, but this was probably the result of an allergic reaction to morphine, which was part of a medication he was taking for acute indigestion. At the Battles of Fair Oaks, Savage's Station, and Malvern Hill, Magruder made a series of costly mistakes. Confederate commander General Robert E. Lee expressed his disappointment with Magruder for his slow reaction to attacking the retreating Yankees, even though General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson exhibited a similar sluggishness during the same engagements and Lee said nothing about him. As a result, President Jefferson Davis reassigned Magruder to command Confederate forces in Texas.
Magruder enjoyed some success in Texas and partly restored his reputation when he captured Galveston in 1863. He spent the rest of the war in the West before fleeing to Mexico after the collapse of the Confederacy. He returned to the United States in 1867 and died in 1871.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bankhead_Magruder
1865 The first U.S. patent for a billiard ball of a composition material resembling ivory was patented by John Wesley Hyatt (No. 50,359). He was the winner of a $10,000 prize offered by Phelan and Collender of New York City for the best substitute for an ivory ball. While still searching for substitute materials for making billiard balls, he invented celluloid, which he patented on 12 July 1870, (No. 105,338). He combined nitrocellulose, camphor, and alcohol, heated the mixture under pressure to make it pliable for molding, and allowed it to harden under normal atmospheric pressure. His discovery opened the way for the development of the modern plastics industry. (Hyatt also had inventions in water purification, sugarcane refining and textile manufacturing.)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billiard_ball#History
1886 First dinner jacket worn to autumn ball at Tuxedo Park NY (the tuxedo). Pierre Lorillard's family were wealthy tobacco magnates who owned country property in Tuxedo Park, just outside of New York City. At a formal ball, held at the Tuxedo Club in October 1886, the young Lorillard wore a new style of formal wear for men that he designed himself. He named his tailless black jacket the tuxedo after Tuxedo Park. The tuxedo caught on and became fashionable as formal wear for men.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuxedo
1899 The black inventor Isaac R. Johnson patented his frame of a bicycle which can be separated or folded to store in the trunk of a car or other small places. This type of bicycle can be used to carry on vacation.
inventors.about.com/od/blackinventors/a/Black_History_J_2.htm
1908 Baseball Writers Association, formed. Upset over seating arrangements at the World Series, sports reporters form a professional group that will become the Baseball Writers Association of America. The organization was formally constituted in Detroit on October 14, 1908, but a formative meeting of a few writers from New York, Brooklyn, Chicago, and Cincinnati had occurred in the NL offices in New York on August 11. NL president Harry Pulliam supported the idea.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_Writers_Association_of_America
A symbol often seen during Double Ten Day (it is the combination of two characters for "10" (十)
1911 Double Ten Day (ëpÊ®‡ø‘c), celebrate outbreak of the Wuchang Insurgence that led to founding of the Republic of China in 1911.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ten_Day
1911 Henry Ford received a patent for an automobile transmission mechanism
1913 The waters of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans commingled in the Panama Canal after U.S. engineers blew up the Gamboa Dam. By the summer of 1913, the locks and the Culebra Cut (culebra means snake) had been finished. The struggle to dig the Culebra Cut had lasted seven years. On 26 Sept. water was first turned into the locks. On 10 Oct., President Woodrow Wilson pressed a button in Washington that carried a signal by telegraph to Panama. When received a minute later, a dynamite charge was ignited that blew a hole in the Gamboa Dike and water began to fill the Culebra Cut. This act also marked the final stage in the creation of Lake Gatun, 85 ft above sea level, the largest man-made lake at that time.
1920 Indian's Bill Wambsganns makes first unassisted world series triple play
1923 The first American-built rigid dirigible was christened in Lakehurst, N.J. as Shenandoah ("daughter of the stars"). It was the first of the Zeppelin type to use helium gas, of which a supply was was available in the U.S. This ZR-1 was launched 20 Aug 1923, and tested in flight 3 Sep 1923. Covered with an aluminum-painted fabric, it was 680 feet long, weighed 36 tons, bear 55 tons, and carry enough fuel to cruise 5,000 miles at an average speed of 65 mph. It was commanded by Commander Zachery Lansdowne (1888-1925), an early Navy aviator, who died with 14 members of the crew when the airship was struck and destroyed in a violent thunderstorm on 3 Sep 1925 over Caldwell, Ohio, though 29 of the crew survived.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Shenandoah_(ZR-1)
1924 Washington Senators win their first World Series beat Giants in 7
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1891%E2%80%931899)
1928 - The temperature at Minneapolis, MN, reached 90 degrees, their latest such reading of record. (The Weather Channel)
1928 "You're the Cream in My Coffee" ... comes from "Hold Everything", opened on Broadway
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27re_the_Cream_in_My_Coffee
1932 "Betty & Bob" premiers on radio, sponsored by Folger¡¯s Coffee. Two more soap operas begin to compete for audiences on American daytime radio: Betty and Bob and Judy and Jane, sponsored by General Mills and Folger's Coffee respectively. Betty and Bob were America's "radio sweethearts" whose daytime serial was sponsored by Bisquick, and aired from 1932 through the end of the decade. It is considered one of the first true network soap operas, as the characters suffered through trials and tribulations.
1933 United Airlines Chesterton Crash: A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
1933 Dreft, the first detergent with synthetic surfactants for home use was marketed by Procter & Gamble. Soap had been used to clean clothes for nearly 2,000 years, but had poor perfomance in hard water. In the 1920s, P&G researchers created special two-part "miracle molecules," one end of which pulled grease and dirt out of clothes while the other clung to water, suspending dirt until it could be washed away. These were a sodium alkyl sulphate made from chlorosulphonic acid and a fatty alcohol, called synthetic surface-active agents - synthetic surfactants for short. Dreft eliminated the problems associated with soap, and gently cleaned lightly soiled clothes. The discovery of detergent technology began a revolution in cleaning technology.
1933 A U.S. patent was issued to Waldo L. Semon for a method of making plasticized PVC, now known simply as vinyl. The patent was titled "Synthetic Rubber-like Composition and Method of Making Same" (U.S. No. 1,929,453). As originally known, PVC - polyvinyl chloride - was a polymer that was hard and difficult to form into useful articles. Semon had invented a way to make it in a rubber-like form. In brief, it consisted of dissolving a polymerized vinyl halide, at an elevated temperature, in a substantially non-volatile organic solvent, and allowing the solution to cool, whereupon it sets to a stiff rubbery gel. The patent listed uses such as water-proof boots or shoes, insulating coatings and resilient flooring material.
1935 George Gershwin's "Porgy & Bess" opens on Broadway
1937 The Mutual Broadcasting System debuted "Thirty Minutes in Hollywood"
1938 The Munich Agreement cedes the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.
1940 "Moonlight and Roses", by Lanny Ross, was recorded on the Victor label.
1944 Holocaust: 800 Gypsy children including more than a hundred boys between 9 and 14 years old are systematically murdered at Auschwitz. Auschwitz was really a group of camps, designated I, II, and III. There were also 40 smaller "satellite" camps. It was at Auschwitz II, at Birkenau, established in October 1941, that the SS created a complex, monstrously orchestrated killing ground: 300 prison barracks; four "bathhouses," in which prisoners were gassed; corpse cellars; and cremating ovens. Thousands of prisoners were also used as fodder for medical experiments, overseen and performed by the camp doctor, Josef Mengele ("the Angel of Death").
A mini-revolt took place on October 7, 1944. As several hundred Jewish prisoners were being forced to carry corpses from the gas chambers to the furnace to dispose of the bodies, they blew up one of the gas chambers and set fire to another, using explosives smuggled to them from Jewish women who worked in a nearby armaments factory. Of the roughly 450 prisoners involved in the sabotage, about 250 managed to escape the camp during the ensuing chaos. They were all found and shot. Those co-conspirators who never made it out of the camp were also executed, as were five women from the armaments factory-but not before being tortured for detailed information on the smuggling operation. None of the women talked.
Gypsies, too, had been singled out for brutal treatment by Hitler's regime early on. Deemed "carriers of disease" and "unreliable elements who cannot be put to useful work," they were marked for extermination along with the Jews of Europe from the earliest years of the war. Approximately 1.5 million Gypsies were murdered by the Nazis. In 1950, as Gypsies attempted to gain compensation for their suffering, as were other victims of the Holocaust, the German government denied them anything, saying, "Gypsies have been persecuted under the Nazis not for any racial reason but because of an asocial and criminal record." They were stigmatized even in light of the atrocities committed against them.
1951 Yanks beat Giants 4 games to 2 in world series, DiMaggio's final game. Hank Bauer's bases-loaded triple propels the Yankees to a 4-3 win and their 3rd straight championship. Just before the game, Leo Durocher turns over a letter he received to Ford Frick that offers the Giants manager a $15,000 bribe "if the Giants manage to lose the next three games."
1953 "St. George and the Dragonet" by Stan Freberg topped the charts.
1957 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to the finance minister of Ghana, Komla Agbeli Gbdemah, after he is refused service in a Dover, Delaware restaurant.
1957 The Windscale fire in Cumbria, U.K. is the world's first major nuclear accident.
1959 "Mack the Knife" by Bobby Darin topped the charts. The light melody can make this feel like an upbeat song, but it contrasts sharply with the lyrics, which are about a murderer. Darin took a chance when he recorded this. His previous hits like "Splish Splash" and "Dream Lover" were aimed at a teenage audience, and this song had very dark subject matter. Darin's management didn't want him to record this, but he ignored their advice and it paid off: it introduced him to a wide audience of adult listeners. He became a regular on various TV shows, played a lot of high-end resorts and became the youngest headliner at the Sands Hotel in Las Vegas, where he was once a busboy.
1960 "Mr. Custer" by Larry Verne topped the charts
1963 The Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), signed by Britain, America and the Soviet Union, comes into operation. Its official title was the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water. On 15 July 1963, U.S., British, and Soviet negotiators had met in Moscow. Due to disagreements concerning on-site inspections, agreement on a comprehensive ban was not reached. So negotiators turned their attention to the limited ban, prohibiting tests in the atmosphere, outer space, and beneath the surface of the seas (but not yet those underground). On 4 August 1963 the LTBT was signed in Moscow by the U.S., Britain and the Soviet Union, and ratified by the US President 7 Oct 1963.
1964 The opening ceremony at The 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, is broadcast live in the first Olympic telecast relayed by geostationary communication satellite.
1965 The Red Baron made his first appearance in the "Peanuts" comic strip. Snoopy's most famous alter-ego is as the World War I Flying Ace, often seen battling his arch-enemy, the Red Baron. For this, he would climb to the top of his doghouse, don goggles and a scarf, and thus fly his Sopwith Camel. The Red Baron, like other adult figures in Peanuts, was never drawn in a strip; his presence was indicated through the bulletholes that would riddle the doghouse in a dogfight, and Snoopy's angry outbursts in response: "Curse you, Red Baron!"
1970 "Cracklin' Rosie" by Neil Diamond topped the charts. "Cracklin' Rosie" was Neil Diamond's first American #1 hit, although he had previously written a number of hits for other artists including "I'm A Believer," which was a 1966 #1 for The Monkees. Two years after "Cracklin' Rosie," he topped the American charts again with "Song Song Blue" and in 1978 his duet with Barbara Streisand, "You Don't Bring Me Flowers" became his third and last US #1.
1971 Sold, dismantled and moved to the United States, London Bridge reopens in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
1973 - Fifteen to 20 inch rains deluged north central Oklahoma in thirteen hours producing record flooding. Enid was drenched with 15.68 inches of rain from the nearly stationary thunderstorms, which established a state 24 hour rainfall record. Dover OK reported 125 of 150 homes damaged by flooding. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
1973 VP Spiro T Agnew pleads no contest to tax evasion & resigns.
1978 President Carter signs a bill authorizing the Susan B Anthony dollar
1979 - A storm blanketed Worcester, MA, with 7.5 inches of snow, a record snowfall total for so early in the season for that location. (The Weather Channel)
1979 Panama assumes sovereignty over Canal Area (ie Canal Zone)
1980 The Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope network in N.M. was dedicated. Conceived in the 60's and built in the 70's the VLA is versatile and sensitive, with angular resolution comparable to that of the best ground-based optical telescopes. The VLA is an "aperture synthesis" interferometric instrument, designed to gain the resolving power of a very large antenna by utilizing a number of smaller antennas. Information from all of its antennas is combined mathematically to produce resolving power equal to that of a single antenna as much as 36 km in diameter. The VLA is arranged in a "Y" pattern, with nine antennas on each of the three arms. Each of the 27 antennae is a fully-steerable 82-ft diam. parabolic dish, weighing approx. 230 tons.
1981 "Endless Love" by Diana Ross & Lionel Richie topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endless_Love_(song)
1985 United States Navy F-14 fighter jets intercept an Egyptian plane carrying the Achille Lauro cruise ship hijackers and force it to land at a NATO base in Sigonella, Sicily where they are arrested.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-14_Tomcat_operational_history#MS_Achille_Lauro_incident_.281985.29
1986 A tiny asteroid, Asteroid 3753, was found orbiting the Earth - a body in addition to the Moon - by J. D. Waldron at Siding Spring Observatory. It was called Cruithne, (pronounced "Croo-een-ya") after Celtic tribes who came to Britain between about 880 and 500 BC. It is pulled alternately by the Sun and Earth. When viewed from the Earth, its 770-year orbit appears to be horseshoe shaped, but this is an effect of viewing an orbit from a rotating planet. It actually passes closer to the Earth than the Moon. At its closest approach it only gets to within about 15 million km (9 million miles) of our planet. Its diameter ranges between 2.9 - 6.4 km diameter wide. Cruithne will remain in a suspended state around Earth for at least 5,000 years.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroid_3753
1987 - Eleven cities in the north central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Colorado Springs CO with a reading of 23 degrees, and Havre MT with a low of 11 degrees above zero. Light snow was reported as far south as Kansas. Omaha NE reported their third earliest snow of record. (The National Weather Summary)
1987 "Here I Go Again" by Whitesnake topped the charts
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_I_Go_Again
1988 - Sunny and mild weather prevailed across the nation for Columbus Day. The afternoon high of 77 degrees at Kalispell MT was the warmest reading of record for so late in the autumn season. Thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced wind gusts to 56 mph at Lorain OH. Snowflakes were observed at Milwaukee WI around Noon, but quickly changed to rain as temperature readings were in the lower 60s. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
1989 - Thunderstorms produced torrential rains along the northeast coast of Florida. Augustine was deluged with 16.08 inches of rain. The heavy rain caused extensive flooding of homes and businesses, and left some roads under three feet of water. Ten cities from South Carolina to New England reported record low temperatures for the date, including Concord NH with a reading of 23 degrees. Temperatures dipped into the 30s in the Carolinas. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
1991 Greyhound Bus ends bankruptcy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyhound_Bus#Spin-off_from_Dial_Corporation
Births
1738 Benjamin West, RA (d 1820) Anglo-American painter of historical scenes around and after the time of the American War of Independence. He was the second president of the Royal Academy in London, serving from 1792 to 1805 and 1806 to 1820.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West
1770 Benjamin Wright (d 1842) American engineer who directed the construction of the Erie Canal. A one-time judge, he helped survey the Erie Canal route. When the Erie Canal was finally funded in 1817, Wright was selected as one of the three engineers to design and build it, then named chief engineer. Wright made the Erie Canal project a school of engineering. Until mid-century, almost every civil engineer in the U.S. had trained with, or been trained by someone who had worked under, Wright on the Erie Canal. Because he trained so many engineers on that project, Wright has been called the "father of American civil engineering." He also engaged in the design and construction at the outset of the first railroads. He was the first Chief Engineer of the Erie Railroad.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Wright
1794 William Whiting Boardman (October 10, 1794 ¨C August 27, 1871) politician and United States Representative from Connecticut.
1828 Samuel J. Randall, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall
1834 Thomas Say (b 1787) American self-taught naturalist often considered to be the founder of descriptive entomology in the United States. His taxonomic work was quickly recognized by European zoologists. Say was a founding member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. He was chief zoologist of Major Stephen Long's exploring expedition to the tributaries of the Missouri River in 1819 and in 1823 for the expedition to the headwaters of the Mississippi. During the 1819 expedition, Say first described the coyote, swift fox, western kingbird, band-tailed pigeon, Say's phoebe, rock wren, lesser goldfinch, lark sparrow, lazuli bunting, and orange-crowned warbler. His important work, American Entomology, remains a classic. He also wrote on paleontology and conchology
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Say
1837 Robert Gould Shaw, American Army officer (d. 1863) As Colonel, he commanded the all-black 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, which entered the war in 1863. He was killed in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, near Charleston, South Carolina.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Gould_Shaw
1838 Theodore Zahn, German Lutheran Bible and patristics scholar. Author of many monographs and commentaries, Zahn's leading work was his 3-volume "Introduction to the New Testament" (1899; 1909).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodor_Zahn
1841 William A. Ogden, American sacred composer. A student of Lowell Mason, Ogden became a well-known music teacher, and penned the hymns "Bring Them In" and "He is Able to Deliver Thee."
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/o/g/d/ogden_wa.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Augustine_Ogden
1864 T. Frank Appleby, United States Congressman from New Jersey (d. 1924)
1892 Earle Dickson (d 1961) Inventor of Band-aids. Finding his wife prone to kitchen accidents - cuts or burns - Dickson frequently was dressing her small wounds with cotton gauze and adhesive tape. After a number of these accidents, Earle devised a way she could easily apply her own dressings. He prepared ready-made bandages by placing squares of cotton gauze at intervals along an adhesive strip and covering them with crinoline. Now all his wife had to do was cut off a length of the strip and wrap it over her cut. His employment was as a cotton buyer at Johnson & Johnson, where his suggestion to make this a product became a reality leading to Band-aids.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earle_Dickson
1896 Lester Halbert Germer (d 1971) American physicist who, with his colleague Clinton Joseph Davisson, conducted an experiment (1927) that first demonstrated the wave properties of the electron. They showed that a beam of electrons scattered by a crystal produces a diffraction pattern characteristic of a wave. This experiment confirmed the hypothesis of Louis-Victor de Broglie, a founder of wave mechanics, that the electron should show the properties of an electromagnetic wave as well as a particle. He also studied thermionics, erosion of metals, and contact physics.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_Halbert_Germer
1900 Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hayes
1903 Vernon Duke Vladimir Dukelsky(d 1969) was a Russian-American composer/songwriter, best known for "Taking a Chance on Love" with lyrics by Ted Fetter and John Latouche, "I Can't Get Started" with lyrics by Ira Gershwin, "April in Paris" with lyrics by E. Y. ("Yip") Harburg (1932), and "What Is There To Say" for the Ziegfeld Follies of 1934, also with Harburg. He wrote the words and music for "Autumn in New York" (1934).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_Duke
1906 Paul Creston, American composer (d. 1985)
1908 Johnny Green (d 1989) American songwriter, composer, musical arranger, and conductor. He was given the nickname "Beulah" by colleague Conrad Salinger. His most famous song was one of his earliest, "Body and Soul". Green was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1972.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Green
1909 Robert F. Boyle, American production designer and art director (d. 2010)
1910 Julius Shulman (d 2009) American architectural photographer best known for his photograph "Case Study House #22, Los Angeles, 1960. Pierre Koenig, Architect." The house is also known as The Stahl House. Shulman's photography spread California Mid-century modern around the world. Through his many books, exhibits and personal appearances his work ushered in a new appreciation for the movement beginning in the 1990s.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Shulman
1914 Ivory Joe Hunter, African American R&B singer, songwriter and pianist, best known for his hit recording, "Since I Met You, Baby" (1956). Billed as The Baron of the Boogie, he was also known as The Happiest Man Alive. (d. 1974)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Joe_Hunter
1915 Sweets Edison, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1999)
1917 Thelonious Sphere Monk (d 1982) American jazz pianist and composer considered "one of the giants of American music". Monk had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including "Epistrophy", "'Round Midnight", "Blue Monk", "Straight, No Chaser" and "Well, You Needn't". Monk is the second most recorded jazz composer after Duke Ellington, which is particularly remarkable as Ellington composed over 1,000 songs while Monk wrote about 70.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelonious_Sphere_Monk
1924 James Clavell, born Charles Edmund Dumaresq Clavell (d 1994) British (later naturalized American) novelist, screenwriter, director and World War II veteran and prisoner of war. Clavell is best known for his epic Asian Saga series of novels and their televised adaptations, along with such films as The Great Escape and To Sir, with Love.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Clavell
1924 Ed Wood, American filmmaker, screenwriter, director, producer, actor, author, and editor, who often performed many of these functions simultaneously. In the 1950s, Wood made a run of cheap and poorly produced genre films, now humorously celebrated for their technical errors, unsophisticated special effects, large amounts of ill-fitting stock footage, idiosyncratic dialogue, eccentric casts and outlandish plot elements, although his flair for showmanship gave his projects at least a modicum of critical success. (d. 1978)
1930 Adlai Ewing Stevenson III, Chicago) American politician of the Democratic Party. He represented the state of Illinois in the United States Senate from 1970 until 1981.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adlai_Ewing_Stevenson_III
1933 Jay Sebring, American hair stylist and Manson murder victim (d. 1969)
1939 - Joseph R. "Joe" Pitts Republican Congressman for the state of Pennsylvania, currently representing Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district (map) in the U.S. House since 1997. The district is based in Lancaster and includes much of Amish country. It also includes most of Reading and the far southwestern suburbs of Philadelphia in Chester County.
1941 Peter Coyote, American actor
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Coyote
1946 Ben Vereen, American actor
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Vereen
1948 Ted Horn, American race car driver, won the AAA National Championship in 1946, 1947 and 1948 and collected 24 wins, 12 second-place finishes and 13 third-place finishes in 71 major American open-wheel races prior to his death at the DuQuoin State Fairgrounds Racetrack at the age of 38. (b. 1910)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Horn
1954 David Lee Roth, American singer (Van Halen)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lee_Roth
1958 Tanya Denise Tucker, Seminole, Texas) American country music artist who had her first hit, "Delta Dawn", in 1972 at the age of 13. Over the succeeding decades, Tucker became one of the few child performers to mature into adulthood without losing her audience, and during the course of her career, she notched a streak of Top 10 and Top 40 hits.[1] She has produced a long string of successful albums, several nominations for awards from the Country Music Association, and hit songs that includes 1973's "What's Your Mama's Name?" and "Blood Red and Goin' Down," 1975's "Lizzie and the Rainman," and 1988's "Strong Enough to Bend".
1964 Daniel Pearl (d 2002) American journalist who was kidnapped and killed by terrorists. At the time of his kidnapping, Pearl served as the South Asia Bureau Chief of the Wall Street Journal, and was based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. He went to Pakistan as part of an investigation into the alleged links between Richard Reid (the "shoe bomber") and Al-Qaeda. He was subsequently beheaded by his captors.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Pearl
1969 Brett Favre, American football player
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brett_Favre
Deaths
1872 William Henry Seward, Sr. (b May 16, 1801) 12th Governor of New York, United States Senator and the United States Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. An outspoken opponent of the spread of slavery in the years leading up to the American Civil War, he was a dominant figure in the Republican Party in its formative years, and was widely regarded as the leading contender for the party's presidential nomination in 1860--yet his very outspokenness may have cost him the nomination. Despite his loss, he became a loyal member of Lincoln's wartime cabinet, and played a role in preventing foreign intervention early in the war. On the night of Lincoln's assassination, he survived an attempt on his life in the conspirators' effort to decapitate the Union government. As Johnson's Secretary of State, he engineered the purchase of Alaska from Russia in an act that was ridiculed at the time as "Seward's Folly", but which somehow exemplified his character. His contemporary Carl Schurz described Seward as "one of those spirits who sometimes will go ahead of public opinion instead of tamely following its footprints."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Henry_Seward
1901 Lorenzo Snow, fifth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1814)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow
1911 Jack Daniel, American Distiller and the founder of Jack Daniel's Tennessee whiskey distillery (b. 1846 or 1850)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Daniel
1913 Adolphus Busch, American brewer (Anheuser-Busch) (b. 1839)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolphus_Busch
1929 Elijah McCoy (b 1843) Canadian-born Black-American inventor holding many patents for the automatic lubrication of machinery. While resident in Ypsilanti, Michigan, after two years of development, he received his first U.S. patent, No. 129,843 on 23 Jun 1872, for a lubricator for steam engines. By 1926 he held several dozen patents for devices that enabled a steady supply of oil to machinery, in drops flowing from a reservoir cup while the machine continued to run, thus eliminating the need to stop the machine to oil it. These were used by stationary steam engines in factories, railway locomotives, steam-powered inland waterway and ocean ships. His inventiveness yielded other patents, including an ironing table, scaffold support and rubber heel.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elijah_McCoy
1964 Eddie Cantor, American singer and vaudeville performer, "illustrated song" performer, comedian, dancer, singer, actor and songwriter. Familiar to Broadway, radio, movie and early television audiences, this "Apostle of Pep" was regarded almost as a family member by millions because his top-rated radio shows revealed intimate stories and amusing anecdotes about his wife Ida and five daughters. Some of his hits include "Makin' Whoopee", "Ida", "If You Knew Susie", "MA! He's Makin' Eyes at Me", "Margie" and "How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm (After They've Seen Paree?)" He also wrote a few songs, including "Merrily We Roll Along", the Merry Melodies Warner Bros. cartoon theme. (b. 1892)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Cantor
1967 George Frederick Dick (b 1881) American physician and pathologist who, with his wife, Gladys Henry Dick, isolated the hemolytic streptococcus that was the cause of, and developed an immunization to treat, the dangerous scarlet fever (1924). They also developed the Dick test (1925) a test to determine susceptibility or immunity to scarlet fever by an injection of scarlet fever toxin. They purified a soluble extoxin from hemolytic Streptococccus pyogenes and use it as a diagnostic. They use Koch's postulates to show that scarlet fever is caused by streptocoocci, recover the bacteria from all cases of the disease and infect others with cultures of the bacterium. The Dick test, an in vivo skin test, is rarely used today, measures host antibody response.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Frederick_Dick
1978 Ralph Harold Metcalfe ( b 1910) African-American athlete and politician who came second to Jesse Owens in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Metcalfe jointly held the world record for the 100 meter sprint. Metcalfe was known as the world's fastest human from 1932 through 1934. He later went into politics and served in the United States Congress.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Metcalfe
1978 Ralph Marterie (b 24 Dec 1914 ) big-band leader born in Acerra, Italy. In the 1940s, he played trumpet for various bands. His highest success in the U.S. charts was a cover of "Skokiaan" in 1954. In 1953 he recorded a version of Bill Haley's "Crazy, Man, Crazy", which is generally regarded as the first rock and roll song. His version of "Crazy, Man, Crazy" reached #13 on the Billboard jockey chart and #11 on Cashbox in June, 1953. His recordings of "Pretend" and "Caravan" also made the Top 10. "Caravan" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. In 1957, he hit #25 on the Billboard Hot 100 with "Tricky", and in 1957 he hit #10 with "Shish-Kebab".[2] His compositions included "Dancing Trumpet", "Dry Marterie", and "Carla".
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Marterie
1985 George Orson Welles (b 1915), best known as Orson Welles, American filmmaker, actor, theatre director, screenwriter, and producer, who worked extensively in film, theatre, television and radio. Noted for his innovative dramatic productions as well as his distinctive voice and personality, Welles is widely acknowledged as one of the most accomplished dramatic artists of the twentieth century, especially for his significant and influential early work¡ªdespite his notoriously contentious relationship with Hollywood. His distinctive directorial style featured layered, nonlinear narrative forms, innovative uses of lighting and chiaroscuro, unique camera angles, sound techniques borrowed from radio, deep focus shots, and long takes. Welles's long career in film is noted for his struggle for artistic control in the face of pressure from studios, which resulted in many of his films being severely edited and others left unreleased. He has thus been praised as a major creative force and as "the ultimate auteur."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Orson_Welles
1985 Yul Brynner (Russian: Юлий Борисович Бринер, b 1920) Russian-born actor of stage and film. He was best known for his portrayal of Mongkut, king of Siam, in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The King and I on both stage and screen, as well as Rameses II in the 1956 Cecil B. DeMille film The Ten Commandments and Chris Adams in The Magnificent Seven. Brynner was noted for his deep, rich voice and for his shaven head, which he maintained as a personal trademark after adopting it for his role in The King and I. He was also a photographer and the author of two books.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yul_Brynner
1990 Thomas O. Murton (b 1928), generally known as Tom Murton, penologist best known for his wardenship of the prison farms of Arkansas. In 1969, he published an account of the endemic corruption there which created a national scandal, and which was popularized in a fictional version by the 1980 Robert Redford movie, Brubaker.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Murton
1998 Clark McAdams Clifford (b 1906) American lawyer who served United States Presidents Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson and Jimmy Carter, serving as United States Secretary of Defense for Johnson.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_McAdams_Clifford
2001 Eddie Futch (b 1911) was a boxing trainer who trained a number of legendary champions. The incredible list of fighters he trained includes Joe Frazier, Ken Norton, Larry Holmes, and Trevor Berbick, four of the five men to defeat Muhammad Ali.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Futch
2004 Christopher D'Olier Reeve (b 1952) American actor, film director, producer, screenwriter and author. He achieved stardom for his acting achievements, including his notable motion picture portrayal of the fictional superhero Superman. On May 27, 1995, Reeve became a quadriplegic after being thrown from a horse in an equestrian competition in Virginia. He required a wheelchair and breathing apparatus for the rest of his life. He lobbied on behalf of people with spinal cord injuries, and for human embryonic stem cell research afterward. He founded the Christopher Reeve Foundation and co-founded the Reeve-Irvine Research Center.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_D%27Olier_Reeve
The Robinson projection is an example of a pseudocylindrical, or orthophanic, projection.
2004 Arthur H. Robinson (b 1915) American geographer and cartographer, who was professor in the Geography Department at the University of Wisconsin in Madison from 1947 until he retired in 1980. He was a prolific writer and influential philosopher on cartography, and one of his most notable accomplishments is the Robinson projection in 1961.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_H._Robinson
Christian Feast Day:
Cerbonius
Paulinus of York (in England)
Viktor of Xanten
October 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
Martyrs Eulampius and Eulampia at Nicomedia, and 200 martyrs with them (303-311)
St. Pinytus, bishop of Knossos in Crete (2nd century)
Martyrs of the Theban Legion along the Rhine (286)
Martyr Theotecnus of Antioch (3rd-4th century)
St. Bassian of Constantinople (ca. 458)
St Theophilus the Confessor of Bulgaria (716)
Synaxis of the Seven Saints of Volhynia: Sts. Stephen and Amphilocius (1122), Bishops of Vladimir in Volhynia; St. Theodore (in monasticism Theodosius), prince of Ostrog (1483); St. Juliana Olshansk (1540); St. Job of Pochaev (1651); Hieromartyr Macarius of Kanev, archimandrite of Obruch and Pinsk (1678); and St. Yaropolk-Peter, prince of Vladimir in Volhynia (1086)
Martyrdom of the 26 Martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos by the Latins (1284)
Blessed Andrew of Totma (Vologda), fool-for-Christ (1673)
St. Innocent, bishop of Penza (1819)
Venerable Ambrose of Optina (1891)
Saint Paulinus, Archbishop of York (644)
New Hieromartyr Theodore (Pozdeyevsky), archbishop of Volokolamsk (1937)
Other commemorations
Zographou Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos
Columbus Day (USA)
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/achille-lauro-hijacking-ends
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10
daysuntil.com/Election-Day/index.html
www.amug.org/~jpaul/oct10.html
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.todayinsci.com/10/10_10.htm
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
www.lutheranhistory.org/history/tih1010.htm
There are 82 days remaining until the end of the year.
Days until Election Day, Tuesday November 6, 2012: 26
Countdown until Obama leaves Office www.obamaclock.org/
U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/
680 - Battle of Karbala: Hussain bin Ali, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad, is decapitated by forces under Caliph Yazid I. This is commemorated by Muslims as Aashurah.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aashurah
images.search.yahoo.com/search/images;_ylt=A0oGdS8GbXRQLl0ANzVXNyoA?p=Day+of+Ashura&fr=ush-mailn&fr2=piv-web
Muslim Invasions: Battle of Tours
732 - Battle of Tours: Near Poitiers, France, the leader of the Franks, Charles Martel and his men, defeat a large army of Moors, stopping the Muslims from spreading into Western Europe. The governor of Cordoba, Abdul Rahman Al Ghafiqi, is killed during the battle.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Tours
Areas affected by the hurricane (excluding Bermuda)
1780 The Great Hurricane of 1780 kills 20,000-30,000 in the Caribbean.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Hurricane_of_1780
1796 According to tradition, the metric system was born. The Oct 10 (10/10) date was chosen since it seems to signify the base 10 way of using measurements.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metric_system#Original_system
Salina, OK : Old Chouteau Trading Post photo
1802 First non indian settlement in Oklahoma. In 1802 the first permanent white settlement was made in Oklahoma. This was a trading post which was established by the Chouteau Brothers, of St. Louis, who came to trade with the Osage Indians, who then ranged over the valleys of the Grand and Verdigris rivers. It was located in the east bank of the Grand River, in Mayes County, upon the site of the present town of Salina.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salina,_OK
1804 - A famous snow hurricane occurred. The unusual coastal storm caused northerly gales from Maine to New Jersey. Heavy snow fell across New England, with three feet reported at the crest of the Green Mountains. A foot of snow was reported in the Berkshires of southern New England, at Goshen CT. (David Ludlum)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Snow_Hurricane_of_1804
1821 Charles Finney, 29, claimed to have received "a mighty baptism of the Holy Ghost," and was converted to a Christian faith. Finney soon abandoned his pursuit of law and embarked on a 50-year career in evangelism and higher education.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_Finney
1845 The Naval School (now called US Naval Academy) opens at Annapolis. The institution was founded as the Naval School in 1845 by Secretary of the Navy George Bancroft. The campus was established at Annapolis on the grounds of the former U.S. Army post Fort Severn. The school opened on October 10 with 50 Midshipmen students and seven professors. Commodore Matthew Perry had a considerable interest in naval education, supporting an apprentice system to train new seamen, and helped establish the curriculum for the United States Naval Academy.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/US_Naval_Academy
1860 The original cornerstone of the University of the South is laid in Sewanee, Tennessee.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/University_of_the_South
1862 John Bankhead Magruder sent to Texas. Confederate General John Bankhead Magruder is given command of the Trans-Mississippi Department. A Maryland native, Magruder attended West Point and graduated in 1830. He distinguished himself during the Mexican War when he commanded a company during General Winfield Scott's campaign from Vera Cruz to Mexico City. He was promoted to lieutenant colonel for meritorious service. After the war, he served in a variety of military positions, including a stint as an observer in France. Magruder garnered a reputation as a playboy prone to heavy drinking and lavish entertainment and became known as "Prince John."
When the war broke out in 1861, Magruder resigned his commission and joined the Confederate army. He was placed in charge of defenses between the York and James Rivers. On June 10, 1861, Union General Benjamin Butler attacked Magruder's force at Big Bethel. The Confederates repulsed the assault in what is considered the first land battle of the war. Although the credit actually belonged to junior officers John Bell Hood and Daniel Harvey Hill, Magruder made the most of the modest victory, and the Southern press inflated the stories to make him an early Confederate hero.
The next year, Magruder brilliantly defended the James Peninsula during Union General George McClellan's campaign against the Confederate capital at Richmond. Magruder dammed streams, flooded lowlands, placed painted logs called "Quaker guns" at strategic points to fool the Yankees, and marched parts of his 13,000-man army back and forth to give the illusion of greater strength. McClellan fell for the ruse and spent more than a month outside of Yorktown while the Confederates moved more troops into place.
Magruder's reputation soon unraveled. At the Seven Days' battle, Magruder was tentative and sluggish as a field commander. He seemed to crack under pressure, but this was probably the result of an allergic reaction to morphine, which was part of a medication he was taking for acute indigestion. At the Battles of Fair Oaks, Savage's Station, and Malvern Hill, Magruder made a series of costly mistakes. Confederate commander General Robert E. Lee expressed his disappointment with Magruder for his slow reaction to attacking the retreating Yankees, even though General Thomas J. "Stonewall" Jackson exhibited a similar sluggishness during the same engagements and Lee said nothing about him. As a result, President Jefferson Davis reassigned Magruder to command Confederate forces in Texas.
Magruder enjoyed some success in Texas and partly restored his reputation when he captured Galveston in 1863. He spent the rest of the war in the West before fleeing to Mexico after the collapse of the Confederacy. He returned to the United States in 1867 and died in 1871.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Bankhead_Magruder
1865 The first U.S. patent for a billiard ball of a composition material resembling ivory was patented by John Wesley Hyatt (No. 50,359). He was the winner of a $10,000 prize offered by Phelan and Collender of New York City for the best substitute for an ivory ball. While still searching for substitute materials for making billiard balls, he invented celluloid, which he patented on 12 July 1870, (No. 105,338). He combined nitrocellulose, camphor, and alcohol, heated the mixture under pressure to make it pliable for molding, and allowed it to harden under normal atmospheric pressure. His discovery opened the way for the development of the modern plastics industry. (Hyatt also had inventions in water purification, sugarcane refining and textile manufacturing.)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Billiard_ball#History
1886 First dinner jacket worn to autumn ball at Tuxedo Park NY (the tuxedo). Pierre Lorillard's family were wealthy tobacco magnates who owned country property in Tuxedo Park, just outside of New York City. At a formal ball, held at the Tuxedo Club in October 1886, the young Lorillard wore a new style of formal wear for men that he designed himself. He named his tailless black jacket the tuxedo after Tuxedo Park. The tuxedo caught on and became fashionable as formal wear for men.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuxedo
1899 The black inventor Isaac R. Johnson patented his frame of a bicycle which can be separated or folded to store in the trunk of a car or other small places. This type of bicycle can be used to carry on vacation.
inventors.about.com/od/blackinventors/a/Black_History_J_2.htm
1908 Baseball Writers Association, formed. Upset over seating arrangements at the World Series, sports reporters form a professional group that will become the Baseball Writers Association of America. The organization was formally constituted in Detroit on October 14, 1908, but a formative meeting of a few writers from New York, Brooklyn, Chicago, and Cincinnati had occurred in the NL offices in New York on August 11. NL president Harry Pulliam supported the idea.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball_Writers_Association_of_America
A symbol often seen during Double Ten Day (it is the combination of two characters for "10" (十)
1911 Double Ten Day (ëpÊ®‡ø‘c), celebrate outbreak of the Wuchang Insurgence that led to founding of the Republic of China in 1911.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double_Ten_Day
1911 Henry Ford received a patent for an automobile transmission mechanism
1913 The waters of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans commingled in the Panama Canal after U.S. engineers blew up the Gamboa Dam. By the summer of 1913, the locks and the Culebra Cut (culebra means snake) had been finished. The struggle to dig the Culebra Cut had lasted seven years. On 26 Sept. water was first turned into the locks. On 10 Oct., President Woodrow Wilson pressed a button in Washington that carried a signal by telegraph to Panama. When received a minute later, a dynamite charge was ignited that blew a hole in the Gamboa Dike and water began to fill the Culebra Cut. This act also marked the final stage in the creation of Lake Gatun, 85 ft above sea level, the largest man-made lake at that time.
1920 Indian's Bill Wambsganns makes first unassisted world series triple play
1923 The first American-built rigid dirigible was christened in Lakehurst, N.J. as Shenandoah ("daughter of the stars"). It was the first of the Zeppelin type to use helium gas, of which a supply was was available in the U.S. This ZR-1 was launched 20 Aug 1923, and tested in flight 3 Sep 1923. Covered with an aluminum-painted fabric, it was 680 feet long, weighed 36 tons, bear 55 tons, and carry enough fuel to cruise 5,000 miles at an average speed of 65 mph. It was commanded by Commander Zachery Lansdowne (1888-1925), an early Navy aviator, who died with 14 members of the crew when the airship was struck and destroyed in a violent thunderstorm on 3 Sep 1925 over Caldwell, Ohio, though 29 of the crew survived.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Shenandoah_(ZR-1)
1924 Washington Senators win their first World Series beat Giants in 7
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washington_Senators_(1891%E2%80%931899)
1928 - The temperature at Minneapolis, MN, reached 90 degrees, their latest such reading of record. (The Weather Channel)
1928 "You're the Cream in My Coffee" ... comes from "Hold Everything", opened on Broadway
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27re_the_Cream_in_My_Coffee
1932 "Betty & Bob" premiers on radio, sponsored by Folger¡¯s Coffee. Two more soap operas begin to compete for audiences on American daytime radio: Betty and Bob and Judy and Jane, sponsored by General Mills and Folger's Coffee respectively. Betty and Bob were America's "radio sweethearts" whose daytime serial was sponsored by Bisquick, and aired from 1932 through the end of the decade. It is considered one of the first true network soap operas, as the characters suffered through trials and tribulations.
1933 United Airlines Chesterton Crash: A United Airlines Boeing 247 is destroyed by sabotage, the first such proven case in the history of commercial aviation.
1933 Dreft, the first detergent with synthetic surfactants for home use was marketed by Procter & Gamble. Soap had been used to clean clothes for nearly 2,000 years, but had poor perfomance in hard water. In the 1920s, P&G researchers created special two-part "miracle molecules," one end of which pulled grease and dirt out of clothes while the other clung to water, suspending dirt until it could be washed away. These were a sodium alkyl sulphate made from chlorosulphonic acid and a fatty alcohol, called synthetic surface-active agents - synthetic surfactants for short. Dreft eliminated the problems associated with soap, and gently cleaned lightly soiled clothes. The discovery of detergent technology began a revolution in cleaning technology.
1933 A U.S. patent was issued to Waldo L. Semon for a method of making plasticized PVC, now known simply as vinyl. The patent was titled "Synthetic Rubber-like Composition and Method of Making Same" (U.S. No. 1,929,453). As originally known, PVC - polyvinyl chloride - was a polymer that was hard and difficult to form into useful articles. Semon had invented a way to make it in a rubber-like form. In brief, it consisted of dissolving a polymerized vinyl halide, at an elevated temperature, in a substantially non-volatile organic solvent, and allowing the solution to cool, whereupon it sets to a stiff rubbery gel. The patent listed uses such as water-proof boots or shoes, insulating coatings and resilient flooring material.
1935 George Gershwin's "Porgy & Bess" opens on Broadway
1937 The Mutual Broadcasting System debuted "Thirty Minutes in Hollywood"
1938 The Munich Agreement cedes the Sudetenland to Nazi Germany.
1940 "Moonlight and Roses", by Lanny Ross, was recorded on the Victor label.
1944 Holocaust: 800 Gypsy children including more than a hundred boys between 9 and 14 years old are systematically murdered at Auschwitz. Auschwitz was really a group of camps, designated I, II, and III. There were also 40 smaller "satellite" camps. It was at Auschwitz II, at Birkenau, established in October 1941, that the SS created a complex, monstrously orchestrated killing ground: 300 prison barracks; four "bathhouses," in which prisoners were gassed; corpse cellars; and cremating ovens. Thousands of prisoners were also used as fodder for medical experiments, overseen and performed by the camp doctor, Josef Mengele ("the Angel of Death").
A mini-revolt took place on October 7, 1944. As several hundred Jewish prisoners were being forced to carry corpses from the gas chambers to the furnace to dispose of the bodies, they blew up one of the gas chambers and set fire to another, using explosives smuggled to them from Jewish women who worked in a nearby armaments factory. Of the roughly 450 prisoners involved in the sabotage, about 250 managed to escape the camp during the ensuing chaos. They were all found and shot. Those co-conspirators who never made it out of the camp were also executed, as were five women from the armaments factory-but not before being tortured for detailed information on the smuggling operation. None of the women talked.
Gypsies, too, had been singled out for brutal treatment by Hitler's regime early on. Deemed "carriers of disease" and "unreliable elements who cannot be put to useful work," they were marked for extermination along with the Jews of Europe from the earliest years of the war. Approximately 1.5 million Gypsies were murdered by the Nazis. In 1950, as Gypsies attempted to gain compensation for their suffering, as were other victims of the Holocaust, the German government denied them anything, saying, "Gypsies have been persecuted under the Nazis not for any racial reason but because of an asocial and criminal record." They were stigmatized even in light of the atrocities committed against them.
1951 Yanks beat Giants 4 games to 2 in world series, DiMaggio's final game. Hank Bauer's bases-loaded triple propels the Yankees to a 4-3 win and their 3rd straight championship. Just before the game, Leo Durocher turns over a letter he received to Ford Frick that offers the Giants manager a $15,000 bribe "if the Giants manage to lose the next three games."
1953 "St. George and the Dragonet" by Stan Freberg topped the charts.
1957 - U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower apologizes to the finance minister of Ghana, Komla Agbeli Gbdemah, after he is refused service in a Dover, Delaware restaurant.
1957 The Windscale fire in Cumbria, U.K. is the world's first major nuclear accident.
1959 "Mack the Knife" by Bobby Darin topped the charts. The light melody can make this feel like an upbeat song, but it contrasts sharply with the lyrics, which are about a murderer. Darin took a chance when he recorded this. His previous hits like "Splish Splash" and "Dream Lover" were aimed at a teenage audience, and this song had very dark subject matter. Darin's management didn't want him to record this, but he ignored their advice and it paid off: it introduced him to a wide audience of adult listeners. He became a regular on various TV shows, played a lot of high-end resorts and became the youngest headliner at the Sands Hotel in Las Vegas, where he was once a busboy.
1960 "Mr. Custer" by Larry Verne topped the charts
1963 The Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty (LTBT), signed by Britain, America and the Soviet Union, comes into operation. Its official title was the Treaty Banning Nuclear Weapon Tests in the Atmosphere, in Outer Space, and Under Water. On 15 July 1963, U.S., British, and Soviet negotiators had met in Moscow. Due to disagreements concerning on-site inspections, agreement on a comprehensive ban was not reached. So negotiators turned their attention to the limited ban, prohibiting tests in the atmosphere, outer space, and beneath the surface of the seas (but not yet those underground). On 4 August 1963 the LTBT was signed in Moscow by the U.S., Britain and the Soviet Union, and ratified by the US President 7 Oct 1963.
1964 The opening ceremony at The 1964 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, Japan, is broadcast live in the first Olympic telecast relayed by geostationary communication satellite.
1965 The Red Baron made his first appearance in the "Peanuts" comic strip. Snoopy's most famous alter-ego is as the World War I Flying Ace, often seen battling his arch-enemy, the Red Baron. For this, he would climb to the top of his doghouse, don goggles and a scarf, and thus fly his Sopwith Camel. The Red Baron, like other adult figures in Peanuts, was never drawn in a strip; his presence was indicated through the bulletholes that would riddle the doghouse in a dogfight, and Snoopy's angry outbursts in response: "Curse you, Red Baron!"
1970 "Cracklin' Rosie" by Neil Diamond topped the charts. "Cracklin' Rosie" was Neil Diamond's first American #1 hit, although he had previously written a number of hits for other artists including "I'm A Believer," which was a 1966 #1 for The Monkees. Two years after "Cracklin' Rosie," he topped the American charts again with "Song Song Blue" and in 1978 his duet with Barbara Streisand, "You Don't Bring Me Flowers" became his third and last US #1.
1971 Sold, dismantled and moved to the United States, London Bridge reopens in Lake Havasu City, Arizona.
1973 - Fifteen to 20 inch rains deluged north central Oklahoma in thirteen hours producing record flooding. Enid was drenched with 15.68 inches of rain from the nearly stationary thunderstorms, which established a state 24 hour rainfall record. Dover OK reported 125 of 150 homes damaged by flooding. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
1973 VP Spiro T Agnew pleads no contest to tax evasion & resigns.
1978 President Carter signs a bill authorizing the Susan B Anthony dollar
1979 - A storm blanketed Worcester, MA, with 7.5 inches of snow, a record snowfall total for so early in the season for that location. (The Weather Channel)
1979 Panama assumes sovereignty over Canal Area (ie Canal Zone)
1980 The Very Large Array (VLA) radio telescope network in N.M. was dedicated. Conceived in the 60's and built in the 70's the VLA is versatile and sensitive, with angular resolution comparable to that of the best ground-based optical telescopes. The VLA is an "aperture synthesis" interferometric instrument, designed to gain the resolving power of a very large antenna by utilizing a number of smaller antennas. Information from all of its antennas is combined mathematically to produce resolving power equal to that of a single antenna as much as 36 km in diameter. The VLA is arranged in a "Y" pattern, with nine antennas on each of the three arms. Each of the 27 antennae is a fully-steerable 82-ft diam. parabolic dish, weighing approx. 230 tons.
1981 "Endless Love" by Diana Ross & Lionel Richie topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endless_Love_(song)
1985 United States Navy F-14 fighter jets intercept an Egyptian plane carrying the Achille Lauro cruise ship hijackers and force it to land at a NATO base in Sigonella, Sicily where they are arrested.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/F-14_Tomcat_operational_history#MS_Achille_Lauro_incident_.281985.29
1986 A tiny asteroid, Asteroid 3753, was found orbiting the Earth - a body in addition to the Moon - by J. D. Waldron at Siding Spring Observatory. It was called Cruithne, (pronounced "Croo-een-ya") after Celtic tribes who came to Britain between about 880 and 500 BC. It is pulled alternately by the Sun and Earth. When viewed from the Earth, its 770-year orbit appears to be horseshoe shaped, but this is an effect of viewing an orbit from a rotating planet. It actually passes closer to the Earth than the Moon. At its closest approach it only gets to within about 15 million km (9 million miles) of our planet. Its diameter ranges between 2.9 - 6.4 km diameter wide. Cruithne will remain in a suspended state around Earth for at least 5,000 years.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asteroid_3753
1987 - Eleven cities in the north central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Colorado Springs CO with a reading of 23 degrees, and Havre MT with a low of 11 degrees above zero. Light snow was reported as far south as Kansas. Omaha NE reported their third earliest snow of record. (The National Weather Summary)
1987 "Here I Go Again" by Whitesnake topped the charts
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Here_I_Go_Again
1988 - Sunny and mild weather prevailed across the nation for Columbus Day. The afternoon high of 77 degrees at Kalispell MT was the warmest reading of record for so late in the autumn season. Thunderstorms developing along a cold front produced wind gusts to 56 mph at Lorain OH. Snowflakes were observed at Milwaukee WI around Noon, but quickly changed to rain as temperature readings were in the lower 60s. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)
1989 - Thunderstorms produced torrential rains along the northeast coast of Florida. Augustine was deluged with 16.08 inches of rain. The heavy rain caused extensive flooding of homes and businesses, and left some roads under three feet of water. Ten cities from South Carolina to New England reported record low temperatures for the date, including Concord NH with a reading of 23 degrees. Temperatures dipped into the 30s in the Carolinas. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)
1991 Greyhound Bus ends bankruptcy
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Greyhound_Bus#Spin-off_from_Dial_Corporation
Births
1738 Benjamin West, RA (d 1820) Anglo-American painter of historical scenes around and after the time of the American War of Independence. He was the second president of the Royal Academy in London, serving from 1792 to 1805 and 1806 to 1820.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_West
1770 Benjamin Wright (d 1842) American engineer who directed the construction of the Erie Canal. A one-time judge, he helped survey the Erie Canal route. When the Erie Canal was finally funded in 1817, Wright was selected as one of the three engineers to design and build it, then named chief engineer. Wright made the Erie Canal project a school of engineering. Until mid-century, almost every civil engineer in the U.S. had trained with, or been trained by someone who had worked under, Wright on the Erie Canal. Because he trained so many engineers on that project, Wright has been called the "father of American civil engineering." He also engaged in the design and construction at the outset of the first railroads. He was the first Chief Engineer of the Erie Railroad.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benjamin_Wright
1794 William Whiting Boardman (October 10, 1794 ¨C August 27, 1871) politician and United States Representative from Connecticut.
1828 Samuel J. Randall, Speaker of the United States House of Representatives (d. 1890)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_J._Randall
1834 Thomas Say (b 1787) American self-taught naturalist often considered to be the founder of descriptive entomology in the United States. His taxonomic work was quickly recognized by European zoologists. Say was a founding member of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia. He was chief zoologist of Major Stephen Long's exploring expedition to the tributaries of the Missouri River in 1819 and in 1823 for the expedition to the headwaters of the Mississippi. During the 1819 expedition, Say first described the coyote, swift fox, western kingbird, band-tailed pigeon, Say's phoebe, rock wren, lesser goldfinch, lark sparrow, lazuli bunting, and orange-crowned warbler. His important work, American Entomology, remains a classic. He also wrote on paleontology and conchology
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thomas_Say
1837 Robert Gould Shaw, American Army officer (d. 1863) As Colonel, he commanded the all-black 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, which entered the war in 1863. He was killed in the Second Battle of Fort Wagner, near Charleston, South Carolina.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_Gould_Shaw
1838 Theodore Zahn, German Lutheran Bible and patristics scholar. Author of many monographs and commentaries, Zahn's leading work was his 3-volume "Introduction to the New Testament" (1899; 1909).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theodor_Zahn
1841 William A. Ogden, American sacred composer. A student of Lowell Mason, Ogden became a well-known music teacher, and penned the hymns "Bring Them In" and "He is Able to Deliver Thee."
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/o/g/d/ogden_wa.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Augustine_Ogden
1864 T. Frank Appleby, United States Congressman from New Jersey (d. 1924)
1892 Earle Dickson (d 1961) Inventor of Band-aids. Finding his wife prone to kitchen accidents - cuts or burns - Dickson frequently was dressing her small wounds with cotton gauze and adhesive tape. After a number of these accidents, Earle devised a way she could easily apply her own dressings. He prepared ready-made bandages by placing squares of cotton gauze at intervals along an adhesive strip and covering them with crinoline. Now all his wife had to do was cut off a length of the strip and wrap it over her cut. His employment was as a cotton buyer at Johnson & Johnson, where his suggestion to make this a product became a reality leading to Band-aids.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earle_Dickson
1896 Lester Halbert Germer (d 1971) American physicist who, with his colleague Clinton Joseph Davisson, conducted an experiment (1927) that first demonstrated the wave properties of the electron. They showed that a beam of electrons scattered by a crystal produces a diffraction pattern characteristic of a wave. This experiment confirmed the hypothesis of Louis-Victor de Broglie, a founder of wave mechanics, that the electron should show the properties of an electromagnetic wave as well as a particle. He also studied thermionics, erosion of metals, and contact physics.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lester_Halbert_Germer
1900 Helen Hayes, American actress (d. 1993)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Helen_Hayes
1903 Vernon Duke Vladimir Dukelsky(d 1969) was a Russian-American composer/songwriter, best known for "Taking a Chance on Love" with lyrics by Ted Fetter and John Latouche, "I Can't Get Started" with lyrics by Ira Gershwin, "April in Paris" with lyrics by E. Y. ("Yip") Harburg (1932), and "What Is There To Say" for the Ziegfeld Follies of 1934, also with Harburg. He wrote the words and music for "Autumn in New York" (1934).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vernon_Duke
1906 Paul Creston, American composer (d. 1985)
1908 Johnny Green (d 1989) American songwriter, composer, musical arranger, and conductor. He was given the nickname "Beulah" by colleague Conrad Salinger. His most famous song was one of his earliest, "Body and Soul". Green was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1972.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Johnny_Green
1909 Robert F. Boyle, American production designer and art director (d. 2010)
1910 Julius Shulman (d 2009) American architectural photographer best known for his photograph "Case Study House #22, Los Angeles, 1960. Pierre Koenig, Architect." The house is also known as The Stahl House. Shulman's photography spread California Mid-century modern around the world. Through his many books, exhibits and personal appearances his work ushered in a new appreciation for the movement beginning in the 1990s.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Julius_Shulman
1914 Ivory Joe Hunter, African American R&B singer, songwriter and pianist, best known for his hit recording, "Since I Met You, Baby" (1956). Billed as The Baron of the Boogie, he was also known as The Happiest Man Alive. (d. 1974)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ivory_Joe_Hunter
1915 Sweets Edison, American jazz trumpeter (d. 1999)
1917 Thelonious Sphere Monk (d 1982) American jazz pianist and composer considered "one of the giants of American music". Monk had a unique improvisational style and made numerous contributions to the standard jazz repertoire, including "Epistrophy", "'Round Midnight", "Blue Monk", "Straight, No Chaser" and "Well, You Needn't". Monk is the second most recorded jazz composer after Duke Ellington, which is particularly remarkable as Ellington composed over 1,000 songs while Monk wrote about 70.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thelonious_Sphere_Monk
1924 James Clavell, born Charles Edmund Dumaresq Clavell (d 1994) British (later naturalized American) novelist, screenwriter, director and World War II veteran and prisoner of war. Clavell is best known for his epic Asian Saga series of novels and their televised adaptations, along with such films as The Great Escape and To Sir, with Love.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Clavell
1924 Ed Wood, American filmmaker, screenwriter, director, producer, actor, author, and editor, who often performed many of these functions simultaneously. In the 1950s, Wood made a run of cheap and poorly produced genre films, now humorously celebrated for their technical errors, unsophisticated special effects, large amounts of ill-fitting stock footage, idiosyncratic dialogue, eccentric casts and outlandish plot elements, although his flair for showmanship gave his projects at least a modicum of critical success. (d. 1978)
1930 Adlai Ewing Stevenson III, Chicago) American politician of the Democratic Party. He represented the state of Illinois in the United States Senate from 1970 until 1981.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adlai_Ewing_Stevenson_III
1933 Jay Sebring, American hair stylist and Manson murder victim (d. 1969)
1939 - Joseph R. "Joe" Pitts Republican Congressman for the state of Pennsylvania, currently representing Pennsylvania's 16th congressional district (map) in the U.S. House since 1997. The district is based in Lancaster and includes much of Amish country. It also includes most of Reading and the far southwestern suburbs of Philadelphia in Chester County.
1941 Peter Coyote, American actor
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Coyote
1946 Ben Vereen, American actor
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ben_Vereen
1948 Ted Horn, American race car driver, won the AAA National Championship in 1946, 1947 and 1948 and collected 24 wins, 12 second-place finishes and 13 third-place finishes in 71 major American open-wheel races prior to his death at the DuQuoin State Fairgrounds Racetrack at the age of 38. (b. 1910)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ted_Horn
1954 David Lee Roth, American singer (Van Halen)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/David_Lee_Roth
1958 Tanya Denise Tucker, Seminole, Texas) American country music artist who had her first hit, "Delta Dawn", in 1972 at the age of 13. Over the succeeding decades, Tucker became one of the few child performers to mature into adulthood without losing her audience, and during the course of her career, she notched a streak of Top 10 and Top 40 hits.[1] She has produced a long string of successful albums, several nominations for awards from the Country Music Association, and hit songs that includes 1973's "What's Your Mama's Name?" and "Blood Red and Goin' Down," 1975's "Lizzie and the Rainman," and 1988's "Strong Enough to Bend".
1964 Daniel Pearl (d 2002) American journalist who was kidnapped and killed by terrorists. At the time of his kidnapping, Pearl served as the South Asia Bureau Chief of the Wall Street Journal, and was based in Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. He went to Pakistan as part of an investigation into the alleged links between Richard Reid (the "shoe bomber") and Al-Qaeda. He was subsequently beheaded by his captors.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Pearl
1969 Brett Favre, American football player
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brett_Favre
Deaths
1872 William Henry Seward, Sr. (b May 16, 1801) 12th Governor of New York, United States Senator and the United States Secretary of State under Abraham Lincoln and Andrew Johnson. An outspoken opponent of the spread of slavery in the years leading up to the American Civil War, he was a dominant figure in the Republican Party in its formative years, and was widely regarded as the leading contender for the party's presidential nomination in 1860--yet his very outspokenness may have cost him the nomination. Despite his loss, he became a loyal member of Lincoln's wartime cabinet, and played a role in preventing foreign intervention early in the war. On the night of Lincoln's assassination, he survived an attempt on his life in the conspirators' effort to decapitate the Union government. As Johnson's Secretary of State, he engineered the purchase of Alaska from Russia in an act that was ridiculed at the time as "Seward's Folly", but which somehow exemplified his character. His contemporary Carl Schurz described Seward as "one of those spirits who sometimes will go ahead of public opinion instead of tamely following its footprints."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Henry_Seward
1901 Lorenzo Snow, fifth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (b. 1814)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lorenzo_Snow
1911 Jack Daniel, American Distiller and the founder of Jack Daniel's Tennessee whiskey distillery (b. 1846 or 1850)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Daniel
1913 Adolphus Busch, American brewer (Anheuser-Busch) (b. 1839)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adolphus_Busch
1929 Elijah McCoy (b 1843) Canadian-born Black-American inventor holding many patents for the automatic lubrication of machinery. While resident in Ypsilanti, Michigan, after two years of development, he received his first U.S. patent, No. 129,843 on 23 Jun 1872, for a lubricator for steam engines. By 1926 he held several dozen patents for devices that enabled a steady supply of oil to machinery, in drops flowing from a reservoir cup while the machine continued to run, thus eliminating the need to stop the machine to oil it. These were used by stationary steam engines in factories, railway locomotives, steam-powered inland waterway and ocean ships. His inventiveness yielded other patents, including an ironing table, scaffold support and rubber heel.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elijah_McCoy
1964 Eddie Cantor, American singer and vaudeville performer, "illustrated song" performer, comedian, dancer, singer, actor and songwriter. Familiar to Broadway, radio, movie and early television audiences, this "Apostle of Pep" was regarded almost as a family member by millions because his top-rated radio shows revealed intimate stories and amusing anecdotes about his wife Ida and five daughters. Some of his hits include "Makin' Whoopee", "Ida", "If You Knew Susie", "MA! He's Makin' Eyes at Me", "Margie" and "How Ya Gonna Keep 'Em Down on the Farm (After They've Seen Paree?)" He also wrote a few songs, including "Merrily We Roll Along", the Merry Melodies Warner Bros. cartoon theme. (b. 1892)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Cantor
1967 George Frederick Dick (b 1881) American physician and pathologist who, with his wife, Gladys Henry Dick, isolated the hemolytic streptococcus that was the cause of, and developed an immunization to treat, the dangerous scarlet fever (1924). They also developed the Dick test (1925) a test to determine susceptibility or immunity to scarlet fever by an injection of scarlet fever toxin. They purified a soluble extoxin from hemolytic Streptococccus pyogenes and use it as a diagnostic. They use Koch's postulates to show that scarlet fever is caused by streptocoocci, recover the bacteria from all cases of the disease and infect others with cultures of the bacterium. The Dick test, an in vivo skin test, is rarely used today, measures host antibody response.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Frederick_Dick
1978 Ralph Harold Metcalfe ( b 1910) African-American athlete and politician who came second to Jesse Owens in the 1936 Berlin Olympics. Metcalfe jointly held the world record for the 100 meter sprint. Metcalfe was known as the world's fastest human from 1932 through 1934. He later went into politics and served in the United States Congress.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Metcalfe
1978 Ralph Marterie (b 24 Dec 1914 ) big-band leader born in Acerra, Italy. In the 1940s, he played trumpet for various bands. His highest success in the U.S. charts was a cover of "Skokiaan" in 1954. In 1953 he recorded a version of Bill Haley's "Crazy, Man, Crazy", which is generally regarded as the first rock and roll song. His version of "Crazy, Man, Crazy" reached #13 on the Billboard jockey chart and #11 on Cashbox in June, 1953. His recordings of "Pretend" and "Caravan" also made the Top 10. "Caravan" sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc. In 1957, he hit #25 on the Billboard Hot 100 with "Tricky", and in 1957 he hit #10 with "Shish-Kebab".[2] His compositions included "Dancing Trumpet", "Dry Marterie", and "Carla".
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ralph_Marterie
1985 George Orson Welles (b 1915), best known as Orson Welles, American filmmaker, actor, theatre director, screenwriter, and producer, who worked extensively in film, theatre, television and radio. Noted for his innovative dramatic productions as well as his distinctive voice and personality, Welles is widely acknowledged as one of the most accomplished dramatic artists of the twentieth century, especially for his significant and influential early work¡ªdespite his notoriously contentious relationship with Hollywood. His distinctive directorial style featured layered, nonlinear narrative forms, innovative uses of lighting and chiaroscuro, unique camera angles, sound techniques borrowed from radio, deep focus shots, and long takes. Welles's long career in film is noted for his struggle for artistic control in the face of pressure from studios, which resulted in many of his films being severely edited and others left unreleased. He has thus been praised as a major creative force and as "the ultimate auteur."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Orson_Welles
1985 Yul Brynner (Russian: Юлий Борисович Бринер, b 1920) Russian-born actor of stage and film. He was best known for his portrayal of Mongkut, king of Siam, in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical The King and I on both stage and screen, as well as Rameses II in the 1956 Cecil B. DeMille film The Ten Commandments and Chris Adams in The Magnificent Seven. Brynner was noted for his deep, rich voice and for his shaven head, which he maintained as a personal trademark after adopting it for his role in The King and I. He was also a photographer and the author of two books.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yul_Brynner
1990 Thomas O. Murton (b 1928), generally known as Tom Murton, penologist best known for his wardenship of the prison farms of Arkansas. In 1969, he published an account of the endemic corruption there which created a national scandal, and which was popularized in a fictional version by the 1980 Robert Redford movie, Brubaker.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_Murton
1998 Clark McAdams Clifford (b 1906) American lawyer who served United States Presidents Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Lyndon B. Johnson and Jimmy Carter, serving as United States Secretary of Defense for Johnson.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clark_McAdams_Clifford
2001 Eddie Futch (b 1911) was a boxing trainer who trained a number of legendary champions. The incredible list of fighters he trained includes Joe Frazier, Ken Norton, Larry Holmes, and Trevor Berbick, four of the five men to defeat Muhammad Ali.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eddie_Futch
2004 Christopher D'Olier Reeve (b 1952) American actor, film director, producer, screenwriter and author. He achieved stardom for his acting achievements, including his notable motion picture portrayal of the fictional superhero Superman. On May 27, 1995, Reeve became a quadriplegic after being thrown from a horse in an equestrian competition in Virginia. He required a wheelchair and breathing apparatus for the rest of his life. He lobbied on behalf of people with spinal cord injuries, and for human embryonic stem cell research afterward. He founded the Christopher Reeve Foundation and co-founded the Reeve-Irvine Research Center.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Christopher_D%27Olier_Reeve
The Robinson projection is an example of a pseudocylindrical, or orthophanic, projection.
2004 Arthur H. Robinson (b 1915) American geographer and cartographer, who was professor in the Geography Department at the University of Wisconsin in Madison from 1947 until he retired in 1980. He was a prolific writer and influential philosopher on cartography, and one of his most notable accomplishments is the Robinson projection in 1961.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_H._Robinson
Christian Feast Day:
Cerbonius
Paulinus of York (in England)
Viktor of Xanten
October 10 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
Martyrs Eulampius and Eulampia at Nicomedia, and 200 martyrs with them (303-311)
St. Pinytus, bishop of Knossos in Crete (2nd century)
Martyrs of the Theban Legion along the Rhine (286)
Martyr Theotecnus of Antioch (3rd-4th century)
St. Bassian of Constantinople (ca. 458)
St Theophilus the Confessor of Bulgaria (716)
Synaxis of the Seven Saints of Volhynia: Sts. Stephen and Amphilocius (1122), Bishops of Vladimir in Volhynia; St. Theodore (in monasticism Theodosius), prince of Ostrog (1483); St. Juliana Olshansk (1540); St. Job of Pochaev (1651); Hieromartyr Macarius of Kanev, archimandrite of Obruch and Pinsk (1678); and St. Yaropolk-Peter, prince of Vladimir in Volhynia (1086)
Martyrdom of the 26 Martyrs of Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos by the Latins (1284)
Blessed Andrew of Totma (Vologda), fool-for-Christ (1673)
St. Innocent, bishop of Penza (1819)
Venerable Ambrose of Optina (1891)
Saint Paulinus, Archbishop of York (644)
New Hieromartyr Theodore (Pozdeyevsky), archbishop of Volokolamsk (1937)
Other commemorations
Zographou Icon of the Most Holy Theotokos
Columbus Day (USA)
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/achille-lauro-hijacking-ends
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10
daysuntil.com/Election-Day/index.html
www.amug.org/~jpaul/oct10.html
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.todayinsci.com/10/10_10.htm
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_10_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
www.lutheranhistory.org/history/tih1010.htm