Post by farmgal on Oct 7, 2012 14:41:06 GMT -5
October 7 is the 282nd day of this leap year in the Gregorian calendar.
There are 84 days remaining until the end of the year.
Days until Election Day, Tuesday November 6, 2012: 29
Countdown until Obama leaves Office www.obamaclock.org/
U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/
451 The Council of Chalcedon opened, near Constantinople. Dealing mainly with the Eutychian Christological heresy, the council created a confession of faith which has ever since been regarded as the highest word in Early Christian orthodoxy.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon
1438 The “Filioque” debate at the Council of Florence began, lasting until 13 December.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filioque
1649 Dutch Lutheran settlers in New Netherland (New York) appealed to Lutherans in Amsterdam for a pastor. This was the first petition for a Lutheran pastor in America.
1775 Officers decide to bar slaves & free blacks from Continental Army
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Army
1778 A group of Continental Army soldiers under the command of Colonel William Butler launch an evening attack on Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant’s home village of Unadilla on the Susquehanna River in what is now Otsego County, New York, on this day in 1778. The assault was retaliation for Brant’s September 17 raid on the town of German Flats, New York.
The Continentals were prepared for a full-scale assault, but as they approached Unadilla, about 50 miles west of German Flats, they realized that Chief Brant and the entire encampment of Mohawk Indians had recently deserted the village. Without opposition, the Continental soldiers took Unadilla and set fire to every house, sawmill and barn, reducing the entire village to ashes.
The previous month, Brant had led a force of 150 Iroquois Indians and 300 British Loyalists under the command of Captain William Caldwell in a surprise attack on German Flats. The Indian and Loyalist raiders captured hundreds of head of cattle and sheep before setting fire to the town. Despite the destruction of 63 houses, 57 barns, three gristmills and one sawmill, only three men were killed during the raid, as they had been warned in advance.
Joseph Brant ranked among Britain’s best commanders during the American War for Independence. He was an educated Christian and Freemason who studied directly with Eleazer Wheelock at Moor’s Indian Charity School, the parent institution of Dartmouth College. His older sister Mary was founding father Sir William Johnson’s common-law wife and also played a significant role in colonial and revolutionary Indian affairs. At the close of the war, the Brants and their Iroquois followers left the United States for Canada, where they found land and safety with their British allies.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Brant
1823 The Erie Canal was inaugurated at Albany, NY, upon the occasion of the first passage of a boat into the canal, although the entire canal was not completed. Cannon were placed on the hill near the mansion of General Ten Broeck and fifty-four rounds were fired in honor of each county in the state. The steamboats and other crafts in the river were trimmed with bunting and decorated gaily. The first boat entered the lock with state and local officials, followed by other boats, one of which was filled with ladies. The masonic fraternity ceremoniously laid the cap stone of the lock. A bottle of sea water, brought by the New York committee, was emptied, and mingled with the waters of the lakes and the river. About 40,000 people were present.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erie_Canal
1840 1st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Constitution_of_1840
1860 A telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco was open.
1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Perryville – Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Perryville
1865 Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_California
1871 - Prolonged drought and dessicating winds led to the great Chicago fire, the Peshtigo horror, and the Michigan fire holocaust. Fire destroyed more than seventeen thousand buildings killing more than 200 persons in the city of Chicago, while a fire consumed the town of Peshtigo WI killing more than 1100 persons. In Wisconsin, a million acres of land were burned, and in Michigan, 2.5 million acres were burned killing 200 persons. "Tornadoes of fire" generated by intense heat caused houses to explode in fire, and burned to death scores of persons seeking refuge in open fields. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chicago_Fire
1871 The Great Fire of Chicago broke out. On this day in 1871, flames spark in the Chicago barn of Patrick and Catherine O'Leary, igniting a 2-day blaze that kills between 200 and 300 people, destroys 17,450 buildings,leaves 100,000 homeless and causes an estimated $200 million (in 1871 dollars; $3 billion in 2007 dollars) in damages. Legend has it that a cow kicked over a lantern in the O'Leary barn and started the fire, but other theories hold that humans or even a comet may have been responsible for the event that left four square miles of the Windy City, including its business district, in ruins. Dry weather and an abundance of wooden buildings, streets and sidewalks made Chicago vulnerable to fire. The city averaged two fires per day in 1870; there were 20 fires throughout Chicago the week before the Great Fire of 1871. Despite the fire's devastation, much of Chicago's physical infrastructure, including its water, sewage and transportation systems, remained intact. Reconstruction efforts began quickly and spurred great economic development and population growth, as architects laid the foundation for a modern city featuring the world's first skyscrapers. At the time of the fire, Chicago's population was approximately 324,000; within nine years, there were 500,000 Chicagoans. By 1893, the city was a major economic and transportation hub with an estimated population of 1.5 million. That same year, Chicago was chosen to host the World's Columbian Exposition, a major tourist attraction visited by 27.5 million people, or approximately half the U.S. population at the time. In 1997, the Chicago City Council exonerated Mrs. O'Leary and her cow. She turned into a recluse after the fire, and died in 1895.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chicago_Fire
1895 The Berliner Gramophone Company was founded in Philadelphia. Emile Berliner founded "The Gramophone Company" to mass manufacture his sound disks (records) and the gramophone that played them. To help promote his gramophone system Berliner did two things, he persuaded popular artists to record their music using his system. Two famous artists who signed early on with Berliner's company were Enrico Caruso and Dame Nellie Melba. The second smart marketing move Berliner made came in 1908, when he used Francis Barraud's painting of 'His Master's Voice' as his company's official trademark.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berliner_Gramophone
1896 Dow Jones starts reporting an average of industrial stocks
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Jones
1901 The American branch of Overseas Missionary Fellowship was chartered. Founded as the China Inland Mission in 1865 by missionary pioneer J. Hudson Taylor, OMF adopted its present name at its centenniel celebration in 1965.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_Baptist_Theological_Seminary
1901 - A deluge at Galveston, TX, produced nearly twelve inches of rain in about a six hour period. The rains came precisely thirteen months after the day of the famous Galveston hurricane disaster. (David Ludlum)
1901 Domino Sugar was trademark registered The American Sugar Refining Company became known as Domino Sugar in 1900, and this was officially recognized by the patent office on October 8, 1901. In 1916, began offering individually wrapped sugar tablets, making Domino the first to sell these.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domino_Sugar
1904 "Little Johnny Jones" opened in Hartford, CT The show became a hit several times, due in part to a little ditty which became quite popular. "Give My Regards to Broadway" was penned, as was the entire musical, by the "Yankee Doodle Dandy" himself, George M. Cohan. Yetttthhhhiiirr!
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Johnny_Jones
1904 First Vanderbilt Cup auto race (Hicksville, Long Island, NY) The first Vanderbilt Cup race started at 6 a.m. October 8, 1904, over a triangular 28.4-mile stretch of Long Island roads that were closed to the public for the duration of the race, in line with what was happening in European auto racing at this time. A crowd of 30,000 to 50,000 spectators turned out. There were 18 entries, but only 17 actually started and six of those were out of the race by the second of the 10 laps around the circuit. An American driver, George Heath, was the winner, but he was in a French Panhard. Albert Clement of France finished second, about a minute and a half after Heath. After Clement's car crossed the finish line, spectators crowded onto the track, many of them getting into their own autos to go home over the same roads on which other cars were still racing. The race was quickly ended to clear the way and only the first two places were officially recorded.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanderbilt_Cup
1906 A German, Karl Ludwig Nessler, demonstrated the first "permanent wave" for hair, in his beauty salon in Oxford Street, London, to an invited audience of hair stylists. The hair was soaked with an alkaline solution and rolled on metal rods which were then heated strongly. However, this method had the disadvantages of being very lengthy (about 5 hours) and expensive for each application. Also the machine was large and cumbersome, and the client was obliged to wear a dozen brass curlers, each weighing 1-3/4 lb. With the outbreak of WW I, he moved to the United States and opened salons in New York, Chicago, Detroit, Palm Beach and Philadelphia with a peak of 500 employees.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Nessler
1915 Phillies win their 1st & only World Series (World Series #12) game before 1980, beating Red Sox, 3-1, with an 8th inning 2 run rally
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1915_World_Series
1917 New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary was chartered in New Orleans by P. I. Lipsey. The school opened for its first classes in September 1918.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_Baptist_Theological_Seminary
1918 Sergeant York captures a machine gun battalion. On this day in 1918, United States Corporal Alvin C. York reportedly kills over 20 German soldiers and captures an additional 132 at the head of a small detachment in the Argonne Forest near the Meuse River in France. The exploits later earned York the Congressional Medal of Honor.
Born in 1887 in a log cabin near the Tennessee-Kentucky border, York was the in a family supported by subsistence farming and hunting. After experiencing a religious conversion, he became a fundamentalist Christian around 1915. Two years later, when the United States entered World War I, York was drafted into the U.S. Army. After being denied conscientious-objector status, York enlisted in the 82nd Infantry Division and in May 1918 arrived in France for active duty on the Western Front. He served in the successful Saint-Mihiel offensive in September of that year, was promoted to corporal and given command of his own squadron.
The events of October 8, 1918, took place as part of the Meuse-Argonne offensive—what was to be the final Allied push against German forces on the Western Front during World War I. York and his battalion were given the task of seizing German-held positions across a valley; after encountering difficulties, the small group of soldiers—numbering some 17 men—were fired upon by a German machine-gun nest at the top of a nearby hill. The gunners cut down nine men, including a superior officer, leaving York in charge of the squadron.
As York wrote in his diary of his subsequent actions: "[T]hose machine guns were spitting fire and cutting down the undergrowth all around me something awful…. I didn’t have time to dodge behind a tree or dive into the brush, I didn’t even have time to kneel or lie down…. As soon as the machine guns opened fire on me, I began to exchange shots with them. In order to sight me or to swing their machine guns on me, the Germans had to show their heads above the trench, and every time I saw a head I just touched it off. All the time I kept yelling at them to come down. I didn’t want to kill any more than I had to. But it was they or I. And I was giving them the best I had."
Several other American soldiers followed York’s lead and began firing; as they drew closer to the machine-gun nest, the German commander—thinking he had underestimated the size of the enemy squadron—surrendered his garrison of some 90 men. On the way back to the Allied lines, York and his squad took more prisoners, for a total of 132. Though Alvin York consistently played down his accomplishments of that day, he was given credit for killing more than 20 German soldiers. Promoted to the rank of sergeant, he remained on the front lines until November 1, 10 days before the armistice. In April 1919, York was awarded the highest American military decoration, the Congressional Medal of Honor.
Lauded by The New York Times as "the war’s biggest hero" and by General John J. Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF), as "the greatest civilian soldier" of World War I, York went on to found a school for underprivileged children, the York Industrial Institute (now Alvin C. York Institute), in rural Tennessee. In 1941, his heroism became the basis for a movie, Sergeant York, starring Gary Cooper. Upon York’s death in 1964, U.S. President Lyndon Johnson called him "a symbol of American courage and sacrifice" who epitomized "the gallantry of American fighting men and their sacrifices on behalf of freedom."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_C._York
"Frisco Bound"
"This photo was obtained from a family member of Franklin (Frank) Taylor Wheeler, Jr., who was born March 15, 1896 at New Bloomfield, Pa. He served overseas June 23, 1918 to June 26, 1919 in Hq. Co. 3 Regt Air Service and was discharged July 7, 1919 as Sergeant. In 1934 he lived at 323 Broadway, Santa Monica, Cal".
Contributed by Richard L. Arnold, 1-28-12
1919 First transcontinental air race begins, with 63 planes competing in the round-trip aerial derby between California and New York. As 15 planes departed the Presidio in San Francisco, California, 48 planes left Roosevelt Field on Long Island, New York.
Lieutenant Belvin Maynard, flying a Havilland-4 with a Liberty motor, won the 5,400-mile race across the continent and back. Maynard reached the Presidio in just over three days, rested and serviced his plane for another three days, and then returned to Roosevelt Field in just under four days. Maynard won for the lowest total elapsed time, but in actual flight time--24 hours, 59 minutes, and 49 seconds--three others accomplished the round-trip journey faster.
www.earlyaviators.com/emaynard.htm
1924 In New York City, the National Lutheran Conference banned the playing of jazz music in the local churches.
1930 Philadelphia A's beat St Louis Cards, 4 games to 2 in 27th World Series
1933 Coit Tower dedicated in SF, a monument to firefighters
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coit_Tower
1935 "The O’Neills" debuted on the CBS Radio Network
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_O%27Neills
1935 Ozzie Nelson marries Harriet Hilliard (Ozzie & Harriet)
1938 Saturday Evening Post’s cover by Norman Rockwell is Rockwell. This day's cover of "The Saturday Evening Post" portrayed Norman Rockwell. The illustrator chose to picture himself trying to come up with a cover concept and to complete the assignment before the magazine's deadline.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Rockwell
1939 World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.
1941 The Benny Goodman Orchestra recorded "Buckle Down Winsocki", with Tom Dix. Goodman scored two Top Ten hits in 1941, one of which was the chart-topper "There'll Be Some Changes Made" (vocal by Louise Tobin), and he returned to radio with his own show. Among his three Top Ten hits in 1942 were the number ones "Somebody Else Is Taking My Place" (vocal by Peggy Lee) and the instrumental "Jersey Bounce." He also appeared in the film Syncopation, released in May.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benny_Goodman_Orchestra
1941 World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
1944 "Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet" debut on CBS radio. In 1941 they found a permanent spot providing music for Red Skelton's program, a position that foundered when Skelton was drafted in 1944. In that year, the energetic Ozzie Nelson proposed a show of his own to network CBS and sponsor International Silver--a show in which the Nelsons would play themselves. Early in its run, the radio Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet jettisoned music for situation comedy. Ozzie Nelson himself directed and co-wrote all the episodes, as he would most of the video shows.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ozzie_and_Harriet
1944 World War II: The Battle of Crucifix Hill occurs on Crucifix Hill just outside Aachen. Capt. Bobbie Brown receives a Medal of Honor for his heroics in this battle.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Crucifix_Hill
1945 President Harry Truman announced that the secret of the atomic bomb would be shared only with Britain and Canada.
1949 "You're Breaking My Heart" by Vic Damone topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27re_Breaking_My_Heart
1955 "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing" by Four Aces topped the charts. Founded by Navy shipmates Al Alberts and Dave Mahoney, the act added Lou Silvestri and Sol Vaccaro before making a name for themselves around their native Philadelphia. Their debut single for Decca, "Tell Me Why," just barely missed the top of the charts and sold a million copies as well. A few Top Ten hits followed during the early '50s before the theme to Three Coins in the Fountain hit number one in 1954. Another movie theme, "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing," spent over a month at the top during 1955.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Is_a_Many-Splendored_Thing_(song)
1955 Worlds most powerful aircraft carrier, Saratoga (US), launched. The fifth Saratoga (CV-60) was laid down on 16 December 1952 by the New York Naval Shipyard, New York City, N.Y.; launched on 8 October 1955; sponsored by Mrs. Charles S. Thomas; and commissioned on 14 April 1956, Capt. R. J. Stroh in command.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Saratoga_(CV-60)
1956 Don Larsen, NY, pitches only perfect world series game vs Brooklyn. Series history is made by Don Larsen of the Yankees, who pitches a perfect game to defeat the Dodgers 2-0 in Game 5. He requires only 97 pitches. Sal Maglie matches him until Mickey Mantle homers in the 4th.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Larsen
1957 Brooklyn Dodgers announce move to Los Angeles
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers#Move_to_California
1957 Jerry Lee Lewis records "Great Balls Of Fire" in Memphis, Tennessee. Jerry Lee Lewis was not the only early rock-and-roller from a strict Christian background who struggled to reconcile his religious beliefs with the moral implications of the music he created. He may have been the only one to have one of his religious crises caught on tape, however—in between takes on one of his legendary hit songs. It was on October 8, 1957, that bible-school dropout Jerry Lee Lewis laid down the definitive version of "Great Balls Of Fire," amidst a losing battle with his conscience and with the legendary Sam Phillips, head of Sun Records.
Jerry Lee Lewis had first made his way to Sun Records in September 1956, hoping to catch his big break in the same Memphis recording studio where Elvis had caught his. The result of Lewis' first session, in November 1956, was the minor hit "Crazy Arms," but six months later, he and Phillips struck gold with "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin On," a million-selling smash. Lewis's signature piano-pounding style and electric stage presence made him an instantaneous star, but stardom didn't quiet the doubts that his upbringing in the Assemblies of God church had given him about rock and roll. Those doubts would be on open display when he went back to the studio on this day in 1957.
It was hours into the "Great Balls Of Fire" session when Jerry Lee began arguing with Sam Phillips that the song was too sinful for him to record. As the two talked loudly over each other, Phillips pleaded with Lewis to believe that his music could actually be a force for moral good.
Phillips: "You can save souls!"
Lewis: "No, no, no, no!"
Phillips: "YES!"
Lewis: "How can the devil save souls?...I got the devil in me!
Jerry Lee somehow made peace with the conflict over the course of the next hour, becoming comfortable enough to begin making various unprintable statements on his way to saying with enthusiasm, "You ready to cut it? You ready to go?" just before launching into the take that would soon become his second smash-hit single.
Jerry Lee Lewis' moral struggles would continue throughout a storied career that would never quite recover from the 1958 disclosure of his marriage to a 13-year-old cousin. At the peak of his powers following "Great Balls Of Fire," however, he was a figure as magnetic as any in rock-and-roll history. As the producer Don Dixon would later say in an NPR interview, "Little Richard was fun, Elvis was cool, but Jerry Lee Lewis was frightening."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis
1960 "My Heart Has a Mind of Its Own" by Connie Francis topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Heart_Has_a_Mind_of_Its_Own
1960 Bobby Richardson hits a world series grand slam.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Richardson
1961 Whitey Ford set the World Series record for consecutive scoreless innings.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitey_Ford
1962 N Korea reports 100% election turnout, 100% vote for Workers' Party
1966 Wyoming's Jerry DePoyster kicks 3 field goals over 50 yds (54, 54, 52). DePoyster held at least six NCAA records including most field goal attempts in a career (93), average field goal attempts per game during a career (3.10), most field goal attempts of 50 yards or more in a single season (17 in 1966) and most in a single game (3 vs. Utah, Oct. 8, 1966). He led the team in scoring all three years of his career, and led the WAC in scoring in 1966 and 1967.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_DePoyster
1967 Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
1968 - Vietnam War: Operation Sealords – United States and South Vietnamese forces launch a new operation in the Mekong Delta.
1969 The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.
1970 Soviet author Alexander I Solzhenitsyn awarded Nobel Prize for Literature. . Born in 1918 in the Soviet Union, Solzhenitsyn was a leading writer and critic of Soviet internal oppression. Arrested in 1945 for criticizing the Stalin regime, he served eight years in Russian prisons and labor camps. Upon his release in 1953 he was sent into "internal exile" in Asiatic Russia. After Stalin's death, Solzhenitsyn was released from his exile and began writing in earnest. His first publication, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1963), appeared in the somewhat less repressive atmosphere of Nikita Khrushchev's regime (1955-1964). The book was widely read in both Russia and the West, and its harsh criticisms of Stalinist repression provided a dramatic insight into the Soviet system.
Eventually, however, Soviet officials clamped down on Solzhenitsyn and other Russian artists, and henceforth his works had to be secreted out of Russia in order to be published. These works included Cancer Ward (1968) and the massive three-volume The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956 (1973-1978). The Soviet government further demonstrated its displeasure over Solzhenitsyn's writings by preventing him from personally accepting his Nobel Prize in 1970. In 1974, he was expelled from the Soviet Union for treason, and he moved to the United States. Although celebrated as a symbol of anticommunist resistance, Solzhenitsyn was also extremely critical of many aspects of American society; particularly what he termed its incessant materialism. He returned to Russia in 1994. Solzhenitsyn died of heart failure in Moscow on August 3, 2008. He was 89.
1970 – Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion".
1971 John Lennon releases his megahit "Imagine." A strong political message that is sugarcoated in a beautiful melody. Lennon realized that the softer approach would bring the song to a wider audience, who hopefully would listen to his message. Lennon later felt that this song should have been a Lennon/Ono collaboration. Said John, "The lyric, the concept, came from Yoko, but in those days I was more selfish, more macho, and omitted to mention her contribution. But it was right out of her Grapefruit book- there's a whole pile of pieces about imagine this and imagine that."
1973 Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attacks Egyptian occupied positions on the Israeli side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away. The attack fails, and over 150 Israeli tanks are destroyed.
1974 "Then Came You", by Dionne Warwick and The Spinners, went solid gold this day.
1974 Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
1977 "Star Wars Theme/Cantina Band" by Meco topped the charts.
1981 USAC appeals panel restores disputed Indy 500 victory to Al Unser . Instead of the usual three hours and a fraction, it took 138 days to get an official winner in the 1981 Indianapolis 500. Bobby Unser won the race on May 24, lost it on May 25, and won it back on Oct. 8. That was when, by a 2-1 vote, the appeals panel decided to change Unser's penalty for passing a string of cars under the yellow. He had passed them when he roared out of the pits and through the first turn and south short chute.
1982 - An unusually early snowstorm hit the northern Black Hills of Wyoming and South Dakota. The storm produced up to 54 inches of snow, and winds as high as 70 mph. The snowfall was very much dependent upon topography. Rapid City, 20 miles away, received just a trace of snow. (The Weather Channel)
1982 Poland bans Solidarity and all trade unions
1986 The first North American Congress on the Holy Spirit and World Evangelization opened in New Orleans. It drew 7,000 leaders from 40 denominations, and stressed the part which the charismatic experience plays in evangelization.
1987 - Unseasonably cold weather prevailed from the Upper Mississippi Valley to the southeastern U.S. Thirty cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Madison WI with a reading of 22 degrees. The low of 28 degrees at Evansville IN was the coolest of record for so early in the season. Hot weather continued in the southwestern U.S. Phoenix AZ reported a record high of 104 degrees and a record tying 116 days of 100 degree weather for the year. Tucson AZ established an all-time record with 72 days of 100 degree weather for the year. (The National Weather Summary)
1988 - Snow was reported across parts of northern New England. Two inches blanketed Mount Snow VT. Warm weather continued in the northwestern U.S. The afternoon high of 80 degrees at Stampede Pass WA exceeded their previous record for October by seven degrees. (The National Weather Summary)
1989 - Morning lows in the 20s were reported from the Northern Plains to the Upper Great Lakes. International Falls MN and Marquette MI reported record lows of 22 degrees. Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in central California as the Oakland Athletics won the American League pennant. San Luis Obispo CA reported a high of 99 degrees. (The National Weather Summary)
1990 US doctors Joseph E Murray & E Donnall Thomas win Nobel Prize in Phisiology or Medicine for work on organ and cell transplantation.
1998 U.S. House of Representatives initiates Clinton impeachment inquiry On this day in 1998, the U.S. House of Representatives votes to proceed toward impeaching President Bill Clinton on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice. By December 1998, the Republican-led House had gathered enough information from an investigation committee to vote in favor of impeachment, which in turn sent the case to the Senate.
The House of Representatives’ decision to send the impeachment process to the Senate came after a four-year investigation into Clinton and his wife Hillary’s alleged involvement in several scandals including allegedly improper Arkansas real-estate deals, suspected fundraising violations, claims of sexual harassment and accusations of cronyism involving the firing of White House travel agents. Over the course of the investigation, the independent prosecutor assigned to the case, Kenneth Starr, was informed of an extramarital affair between Clinton and a White House intern named Monica Lewinsky. The president had denied the affair as part of another lawsuit (the Paula Jones case), but when questioned by Starr, Clinton tried to invoke executive privilege to avoid responding. An undeterred Starr then charged the president with obstruction of justice, which forced the president to testify before a grand jury in August 1998.
In his testimony, the president admitted to an inappropriate relationship with Lewinsky and that he regretted misleading his wife and the American people when he denied the affair earlier. He insisted he gave "legally accurate" answers in his testimony and "at no time" did he ask anyone to "lie, hide or destroy evidence or to take any unlawful action." When addressing the investigation into his past business dealings, Clinton insisted the investigation did not prove that he or his wife Hilary had engaged in any illegal activity.
After his testimony, members of the House of Representatives engaged in a battle over whether or not to impeach Clinton. While Democrats favored censure, Republicans called loudly for impeachment, claiming Clinton was unfit to lead the country. In December 1998, the House voted to impeach the president; he was acquitted, though, after a five-week trial in the Senate. Public opinion polls at the time revealed that many people disapproved of the Lewinsky affair--which was conducted in the White House Oval Office--but did not consider it an action worthy of impeachment or resignation.
Bill Clinton was the first president to be impeached by the House of Representatives since Andrew Johnson in 1868. Johnson was also acquitted.
2001 U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
Births
1720 Jonathan Mayhew, American minister at Old West Church, Boston, Massachusetts. He is credited with coining the phrase "no taxation without representation."(d. 1766)
1789 John Ruggles (d 1874) American politician from the U.S. state of Maine. He served in several important state legislative and judicial positions before serving in the U.S. Senate.
1818 John Henninger Reagan (d 1905), 19th century American politician from the U.S. state of Texas. A Democrat, Reagan resigned from the U.S. House of Representatives when Texas seceded from the Union to join the Confederate States of America. He served in the cabinet of Jefferson Davis as Postmaster General. After the Confederate defeat, he called for cooperation with the federal government and thus became unpopular, but returned to public office when his predictions of harsh treatment for resistance were proved correct.
1834 Walter Kittredge (d 1905), musician during the American Civil War, talented self-taught musician who played the violin, seraphine, and the melodeon, toured solo and with the Hutchinson Family, a musical troupe, wrote over 500 songs, many of them dealing with themes of the American Civil War--most famous song, Tenting on the Old Camp Ground, was sung by both sides of the war and is known throughout the world. A noted supporter of Abolitionism and the Temperance movement.
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/k/i/t/kittredge_w.htm
1862 Carl Frederick Graebner, president of the Lutheran college and seminary in Adelaide, Australia, was born at Saint Charles, Missouri (d. 5 Jun 1949).
1869 James Frank Duryea (d 1967) American inventor who with his brother Charles Duryea built the first automobile with multiple copies manufactured in the U.S. On 28 Nov 1895, Frank drove their car to win first prize in the first American Automobile Race in Chicago, held by the Chicago Times-Herald. At 8:55 am, six "motocycles" left Chicago's Jackson Park for a 54 mile race to Evanston, Illinois and back through the snow. Duryeas' No.5 took just over 10 hr (ave. 7.3 mph). Early in 1896, the Duryeas manufactured 13 copies of the car. Frank developed the "Stevens-Duryea," an expensive limousine, which remained in production into the 1920s. The brothers are recognised as "Fathers of the American Automobile Industry."
1870 Oscar John Johnson, president of Luther College (Wahoo, Nebraska) and Gustavus Adolphus College (Saint Peter, Minnesota), was born in Cleburne, Kansas (d 9 Mar 1946).
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=J&word=JOHNSON.OSCARJOHN
1883 Richard (Dick) Burnett (d 1977) American folk songwriter from Kentucky, born near Monticello, Kentucky. He was known to play the banjo and guitar and was blind in one eye. He allegedly wrote the traditional American folk song, Man of Constant Sorrow, which was later to be covered by Bob Dylan and featured in the movie O Brother Where Art Thou as another version. He recorded with fiddler Leon Rutherford for Columbia Records.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Burnett_(musician)
1889 C. E. Woolman, American airline founder (d. 1966)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._E._Woolman
1890 Edward Vernon Rickenbacker (d 1973) was an American fighter ace in World War I and Medal of Honor recipient. "Ace of Aces" He was also a race car driver and automotive designer, a government consultant in military matters and a pioneer in air transportation, particularly as the longtime head of Eastern Air Lines.
1906 Harry Gilbert Day (d 2007) American nutritional biochemist who helped develop (with Joe Muhler and William Nebergall) the fluoride additive used in toothpaste to combat tooth decay. Proctor and Gamble (P&G) funded his research at Indiana University. In 1955, the Food and Drug administration approved stannous fluoride for use in toothpaste. P&G intriduced Crest toothpaste in Jan 1956 with this ingredient, which they called fluoristan. The patent was held by Indiana University, and P&G paid royalties for its use. In his career, Day's research evaluated the health aspects of food ingredients, principles of food safety, and nutrition including the nutritional requirements of phosphorus, zinc, fluoride, boron and iron.
1910 Gus Hall, American union organizer and head of the U.S. Communist Party (d. 2000)
1913 Robert Rowe Gilruth (d 2000) American aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs. He developed the X-1, first plane to break the sound barrier. Gilruth directed Project Mercury, the initial program for achieving manned space flight. Under his leadership, the first American astronaut orbited the Earth only a little over 3 years after NASA was created. In 1961, President Kennedy and the Congress committed the nation to a manned lunar landing within the decade. Gilruth was named the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center and assigned the responsibility of designing and developing the spacecraft and associated equipment, planning and controlling missions, and training flight crews. He retired from NASA in 1973.
1913 Walter Schumann (d 1958) American composer for film, television, and the theater. His notable works include the score for The Night of the Hunter and the Dragnet Theme.
1916 Spark Masayuki Matsunaga Kukuiula, Hawaii (d 1990, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) United States Senator from Hawaii, American Democrat whose legislation in the United States Senate led to the creation of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians.
1917 Walter Lord (d 2002) American author, best known for his documentary-style non-fiction account A Night to Remember, about the sinking of the RMS Titanic.
1917 Daniel Edward Murtaugh (d 1976) American second baseman, manager, front-office executive and coach in Major League Baseball best known for his 29-year association with the Pittsburgh Pirates as a player and manager.
1920 Frank Herbert sci-fi writer (Dune) (d 1986)
1927 Philip James "Jim" Elliot, American evangelical Christian missionary to Ecuador who, along with four others, was killed while attempting to evangelize the Waodani people through efforts known as Operation Auca. (d. 1956)
1928 M. Russell Ballard, LDS apostle
1929 Franklin William Stahl U.S. geneticist who, in 1958, (with Matthew Meselson) elucidated the mode of replication of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; the gene substance) a double-stranded helix that dissociates to form two strands, each of which directs the construction of a new sister strand. They grew E. coli on media (food) that contained the heavier isotope of nitrogen-15 causing all of their DNA to be heavy. They switched the E. coli to media that contained normal nitrogen and then analyzed the DNA after each generation. After one generation, all of the DNA was medium-weight. Thus one strand of the double helix was heavy and one strand was light. After two generations, half of the DNA was medium-weight and half was normal light-weight DNA.
1936 - Rona Barrett, American gossip columnist
1939 Lynne Feltham Stewart attorney that represented controversial, and often unpopular defendants. In 2005, Stewart was convicted on charges of conspiracy and providing material support to terrorists, and sentenced to 28 months in prison. Her felony conviction led to her being automatically disbarred. She was convicted of helping pass messages from her client, Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman, an Egyptian cleric convicted of planning terror attacks, to his followers in al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, an organization designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the United States Secretary of State. She was re-sentenced on July 15, 2010, to 10 years in prison in light of her perjury at her trial, and other factors not properly considered against her by the sentencing judge
1941 - Jesse Jackson, American clergyman and civil rights activist
1943 Chevy Chase, American comedian and actor
1944 Susan Raye Eugene, Oregon, United States, American country music singer, best known for a series of Top 40 Country hits in the early half of the 1970s, most notably the song "L.A. International Airport" , an international crossover pop hit in 1971.
1946 Dennis Kucinich, American politician
1947 Stephen Shore American photographer known for his deadpan images of banal scenes and objects in the United States, and for his pioneering use of color in art photography.
1949 Sigourney Weaver, American actress
1952 Edward M. Zwick American filmmaker and film producer noted for his sprawling war films. He has been described as a "throwback to an earlier era, an extremely cerebral director whose movies consistently feature fully rounded characters, difficult moral issues, and plots that thrive on the ambiguity of authority."
1955 Bill Elliott, American racing driver, in Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
Deaths
1793 John Hancock, American revolutionary, merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much so that "John Hancock" became, in the United States, a synonym for "signature". (b. 1737)
1869 Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804)
1886 Austin Franklin Pike (b 1819) United States Representative and Senator from New Hampshire.
1944 Wendell Willkie, American politician (b. 1892)
1955 Iry LeJeune, Cajun musician (b. 1928)
1985 Malcolm Ross, American balloonist and atmospheric physicist (b. 1919)
1985 Leon Klinghoffer hijackers of Achille Lauro, throw him off the boat
1992 Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany, Nobel laureate (b. 1913)
1997 Bertrand Goldberg (b 1913) American architect best known for the Marina City complex in Chicago, Illinois, the tallest residential concrete buildings in the world at the time of completion.
Christian Feast Day
Palatia and Laurentia
Pelagia (Roman Catholic Church)
October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
Venerable Pelagia the Penitent of the Mount of Olives (457)
Virgin-martyr Pelagia of Antioch (303)
Saint Thaïs (Taisia) of Egypt (4th century)
St. Anthony, archbishop of Novgorod (1232)
Saint Dositheus of Verkneostrov in Pskov (1482)
Saint Tryphon of Vyatka, abbot (1612)
New Monk-martyr Ignatius of Bulgaria and Mt. Athos, at Constantinople (1814)
New Hieromartyrs Jonah (Lazarev), bishop of Velizhsk, and companions (1937)
Demetrius (Dobroserdov), archbishop of Mozhaisk, and with him John the deacon, Monk-martyrs Andrew and Pachomius, Nun-martyr Tatiana, and Martyrs Nicholas, Maria and Nadezhda (1937)
Synaxis of the Saints of Vyatka.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8
www.amug.org/~jpaul/oct08.html
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.todayinsci.com/10/10_08.htm
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm
www.lcms.org/page.aspx?pid=387
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)
There are 84 days remaining until the end of the year.
Days until Election Day, Tuesday November 6, 2012: 29
Countdown until Obama leaves Office www.obamaclock.org/
U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/
451 The Council of Chalcedon opened, near Constantinople. Dealing mainly with the Eutychian Christological heresy, the council created a confession of faith which has ever since been regarded as the highest word in Early Christian orthodoxy.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Council_of_Chalcedon
1438 The “Filioque” debate at the Council of Florence began, lasting until 13 December.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filioque
1649 Dutch Lutheran settlers in New Netherland (New York) appealed to Lutherans in Amsterdam for a pastor. This was the first petition for a Lutheran pastor in America.
1775 Officers decide to bar slaves & free blacks from Continental Army
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continental_Army
1778 A group of Continental Army soldiers under the command of Colonel William Butler launch an evening attack on Mohawk Chief Joseph Brant’s home village of Unadilla on the Susquehanna River in what is now Otsego County, New York, on this day in 1778. The assault was retaliation for Brant’s September 17 raid on the town of German Flats, New York.
The Continentals were prepared for a full-scale assault, but as they approached Unadilla, about 50 miles west of German Flats, they realized that Chief Brant and the entire encampment of Mohawk Indians had recently deserted the village. Without opposition, the Continental soldiers took Unadilla and set fire to every house, sawmill and barn, reducing the entire village to ashes.
The previous month, Brant had led a force of 150 Iroquois Indians and 300 British Loyalists under the command of Captain William Caldwell in a surprise attack on German Flats. The Indian and Loyalist raiders captured hundreds of head of cattle and sheep before setting fire to the town. Despite the destruction of 63 houses, 57 barns, three gristmills and one sawmill, only three men were killed during the raid, as they had been warned in advance.
Joseph Brant ranked among Britain’s best commanders during the American War for Independence. He was an educated Christian and Freemason who studied directly with Eleazer Wheelock at Moor’s Indian Charity School, the parent institution of Dartmouth College. His older sister Mary was founding father Sir William Johnson’s common-law wife and also played a significant role in colonial and revolutionary Indian affairs. At the close of the war, the Brants and their Iroquois followers left the United States for Canada, where they found land and safety with their British allies.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Brant
1823 The Erie Canal was inaugurated at Albany, NY, upon the occasion of the first passage of a boat into the canal, although the entire canal was not completed. Cannon were placed on the hill near the mansion of General Ten Broeck and fifty-four rounds were fired in honor of each county in the state. The steamboats and other crafts in the river were trimmed with bunting and decorated gaily. The first boat entered the lock with state and local officials, followed by other boats, one of which was filled with ladies. The masonic fraternity ceremoniously laid the cap stone of the lock. A bottle of sea water, brought by the New York committee, was emptied, and mingled with the waters of the lakes and the river. About 40,000 people were present.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erie_Canal
1840 1st Hawaiian constitution proclaimed
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hawaiian_Constitution_of_1840
1860 A telegraph line between Los Angeles and San Francisco was open.
1862 - American Civil War: Battle of Perryville – Union forces under General Don Carlos Buell halt the Confederate invasion of Kentucky by defeating troops led by General Braxton Bragg at Perryville, Kentucky.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Perryville
1865 Earthquake in Santa Cruz Mountains
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_earthquakes_in_California
1871 - Prolonged drought and dessicating winds led to the great Chicago fire, the Peshtigo horror, and the Michigan fire holocaust. Fire destroyed more than seventeen thousand buildings killing more than 200 persons in the city of Chicago, while a fire consumed the town of Peshtigo WI killing more than 1100 persons. In Wisconsin, a million acres of land were burned, and in Michigan, 2.5 million acres were burned killing 200 persons. "Tornadoes of fire" generated by intense heat caused houses to explode in fire, and burned to death scores of persons seeking refuge in open fields. (David Ludlum) (The Weather Channel)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chicago_Fire
1871 The Great Fire of Chicago broke out. On this day in 1871, flames spark in the Chicago barn of Patrick and Catherine O'Leary, igniting a 2-day blaze that kills between 200 and 300 people, destroys 17,450 buildings,leaves 100,000 homeless and causes an estimated $200 million (in 1871 dollars; $3 billion in 2007 dollars) in damages. Legend has it that a cow kicked over a lantern in the O'Leary barn and started the fire, but other theories hold that humans or even a comet may have been responsible for the event that left four square miles of the Windy City, including its business district, in ruins. Dry weather and an abundance of wooden buildings, streets and sidewalks made Chicago vulnerable to fire. The city averaged two fires per day in 1870; there were 20 fires throughout Chicago the week before the Great Fire of 1871. Despite the fire's devastation, much of Chicago's physical infrastructure, including its water, sewage and transportation systems, remained intact. Reconstruction efforts began quickly and spurred great economic development and population growth, as architects laid the foundation for a modern city featuring the world's first skyscrapers. At the time of the fire, Chicago's population was approximately 324,000; within nine years, there were 500,000 Chicagoans. By 1893, the city was a major economic and transportation hub with an estimated population of 1.5 million. That same year, Chicago was chosen to host the World's Columbian Exposition, a major tourist attraction visited by 27.5 million people, or approximately half the U.S. population at the time. In 1997, the Chicago City Council exonerated Mrs. O'Leary and her cow. She turned into a recluse after the fire, and died in 1895.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Chicago_Fire
1895 The Berliner Gramophone Company was founded in Philadelphia. Emile Berliner founded "The Gramophone Company" to mass manufacture his sound disks (records) and the gramophone that played them. To help promote his gramophone system Berliner did two things, he persuaded popular artists to record their music using his system. Two famous artists who signed early on with Berliner's company were Enrico Caruso and Dame Nellie Melba. The second smart marketing move Berliner made came in 1908, when he used Francis Barraud's painting of 'His Master's Voice' as his company's official trademark.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berliner_Gramophone
1896 Dow Jones starts reporting an average of industrial stocks
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dow_Jones
1901 The American branch of Overseas Missionary Fellowship was chartered. Founded as the China Inland Mission in 1865 by missionary pioneer J. Hudson Taylor, OMF adopted its present name at its centenniel celebration in 1965.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_Baptist_Theological_Seminary
1901 - A deluge at Galveston, TX, produced nearly twelve inches of rain in about a six hour period. The rains came precisely thirteen months after the day of the famous Galveston hurricane disaster. (David Ludlum)
1901 Domino Sugar was trademark registered The American Sugar Refining Company became known as Domino Sugar in 1900, and this was officially recognized by the patent office on October 8, 1901. In 1916, began offering individually wrapped sugar tablets, making Domino the first to sell these.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domino_Sugar
1904 "Little Johnny Jones" opened in Hartford, CT The show became a hit several times, due in part to a little ditty which became quite popular. "Give My Regards to Broadway" was penned, as was the entire musical, by the "Yankee Doodle Dandy" himself, George M. Cohan. Yetttthhhhiiirr!
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Little_Johnny_Jones
1904 First Vanderbilt Cup auto race (Hicksville, Long Island, NY) The first Vanderbilt Cup race started at 6 a.m. October 8, 1904, over a triangular 28.4-mile stretch of Long Island roads that were closed to the public for the duration of the race, in line with what was happening in European auto racing at this time. A crowd of 30,000 to 50,000 spectators turned out. There were 18 entries, but only 17 actually started and six of those were out of the race by the second of the 10 laps around the circuit. An American driver, George Heath, was the winner, but he was in a French Panhard. Albert Clement of France finished second, about a minute and a half after Heath. After Clement's car crossed the finish line, spectators crowded onto the track, many of them getting into their own autos to go home over the same roads on which other cars were still racing. The race was quickly ended to clear the way and only the first two places were officially recorded.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vanderbilt_Cup
1906 A German, Karl Ludwig Nessler, demonstrated the first "permanent wave" for hair, in his beauty salon in Oxford Street, London, to an invited audience of hair stylists. The hair was soaked with an alkaline solution and rolled on metal rods which were then heated strongly. However, this method had the disadvantages of being very lengthy (about 5 hours) and expensive for each application. Also the machine was large and cumbersome, and the client was obliged to wear a dozen brass curlers, each weighing 1-3/4 lb. With the outbreak of WW I, he moved to the United States and opened salons in New York, Chicago, Detroit, Palm Beach and Philadelphia with a peak of 500 employees.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karl_Nessler
1915 Phillies win their 1st & only World Series (World Series #12) game before 1980, beating Red Sox, 3-1, with an 8th inning 2 run rally
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1915_World_Series
1917 New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary was chartered in New Orleans by P. I. Lipsey. The school opened for its first classes in September 1918.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Orleans_Baptist_Theological_Seminary
1918 Sergeant York captures a machine gun battalion. On this day in 1918, United States Corporal Alvin C. York reportedly kills over 20 German soldiers and captures an additional 132 at the head of a small detachment in the Argonne Forest near the Meuse River in France. The exploits later earned York the Congressional Medal of Honor.
Born in 1887 in a log cabin near the Tennessee-Kentucky border, York was the in a family supported by subsistence farming and hunting. After experiencing a religious conversion, he became a fundamentalist Christian around 1915. Two years later, when the United States entered World War I, York was drafted into the U.S. Army. After being denied conscientious-objector status, York enlisted in the 82nd Infantry Division and in May 1918 arrived in France for active duty on the Western Front. He served in the successful Saint-Mihiel offensive in September of that year, was promoted to corporal and given command of his own squadron.
The events of October 8, 1918, took place as part of the Meuse-Argonne offensive—what was to be the final Allied push against German forces on the Western Front during World War I. York and his battalion were given the task of seizing German-held positions across a valley; after encountering difficulties, the small group of soldiers—numbering some 17 men—were fired upon by a German machine-gun nest at the top of a nearby hill. The gunners cut down nine men, including a superior officer, leaving York in charge of the squadron.
As York wrote in his diary of his subsequent actions: "[T]hose machine guns were spitting fire and cutting down the undergrowth all around me something awful…. I didn’t have time to dodge behind a tree or dive into the brush, I didn’t even have time to kneel or lie down…. As soon as the machine guns opened fire on me, I began to exchange shots with them. In order to sight me or to swing their machine guns on me, the Germans had to show their heads above the trench, and every time I saw a head I just touched it off. All the time I kept yelling at them to come down. I didn’t want to kill any more than I had to. But it was they or I. And I was giving them the best I had."
Several other American soldiers followed York’s lead and began firing; as they drew closer to the machine-gun nest, the German commander—thinking he had underestimated the size of the enemy squadron—surrendered his garrison of some 90 men. On the way back to the Allied lines, York and his squad took more prisoners, for a total of 132. Though Alvin York consistently played down his accomplishments of that day, he was given credit for killing more than 20 German soldiers. Promoted to the rank of sergeant, he remained on the front lines until November 1, 10 days before the armistice. In April 1919, York was awarded the highest American military decoration, the Congressional Medal of Honor.
Lauded by The New York Times as "the war’s biggest hero" and by General John J. Pershing, commander of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF), as "the greatest civilian soldier" of World War I, York went on to found a school for underprivileged children, the York Industrial Institute (now Alvin C. York Institute), in rural Tennessee. In 1941, his heroism became the basis for a movie, Sergeant York, starring Gary Cooper. Upon York’s death in 1964, U.S. President Lyndon Johnson called him "a symbol of American courage and sacrifice" who epitomized "the gallantry of American fighting men and their sacrifices on behalf of freedom."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alvin_C._York
"Frisco Bound"
"This photo was obtained from a family member of Franklin (Frank) Taylor Wheeler, Jr., who was born March 15, 1896 at New Bloomfield, Pa. He served overseas June 23, 1918 to June 26, 1919 in Hq. Co. 3 Regt Air Service and was discharged July 7, 1919 as Sergeant. In 1934 he lived at 323 Broadway, Santa Monica, Cal".
Contributed by Richard L. Arnold, 1-28-12
1919 First transcontinental air race begins, with 63 planes competing in the round-trip aerial derby between California and New York. As 15 planes departed the Presidio in San Francisco, California, 48 planes left Roosevelt Field on Long Island, New York.
Lieutenant Belvin Maynard, flying a Havilland-4 with a Liberty motor, won the 5,400-mile race across the continent and back. Maynard reached the Presidio in just over three days, rested and serviced his plane for another three days, and then returned to Roosevelt Field in just under four days. Maynard won for the lowest total elapsed time, but in actual flight time--24 hours, 59 minutes, and 49 seconds--three others accomplished the round-trip journey faster.
www.earlyaviators.com/emaynard.htm
1924 In New York City, the National Lutheran Conference banned the playing of jazz music in the local churches.
1930 Philadelphia A's beat St Louis Cards, 4 games to 2 in 27th World Series
1933 Coit Tower dedicated in SF, a monument to firefighters
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coit_Tower
1935 "The O’Neills" debuted on the CBS Radio Network
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_O%27Neills
1935 Ozzie Nelson marries Harriet Hilliard (Ozzie & Harriet)
1938 Saturday Evening Post’s cover by Norman Rockwell is Rockwell. This day's cover of "The Saturday Evening Post" portrayed Norman Rockwell. The illustrator chose to picture himself trying to come up with a cover concept and to complete the assignment before the magazine's deadline.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norman_Rockwell
1939 World War II: Germany annexes Western Poland.
1941 The Benny Goodman Orchestra recorded "Buckle Down Winsocki", with Tom Dix. Goodman scored two Top Ten hits in 1941, one of which was the chart-topper "There'll Be Some Changes Made" (vocal by Louise Tobin), and he returned to radio with his own show. Among his three Top Ten hits in 1942 were the number ones "Somebody Else Is Taking My Place" (vocal by Peggy Lee) and the instrumental "Jersey Bounce." He also appeared in the film Syncopation, released in May.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benny_Goodman_Orchestra
1941 World War II: In their invasion of the Soviet Union, Germany reaches the Sea of Azov with the capture of Mariupol.
1944 "Adventures of Ozzie & Harriet" debut on CBS radio. In 1941 they found a permanent spot providing music for Red Skelton's program, a position that foundered when Skelton was drafted in 1944. In that year, the energetic Ozzie Nelson proposed a show of his own to network CBS and sponsor International Silver--a show in which the Nelsons would play themselves. Early in its run, the radio Adventures of Ozzie and Harriet jettisoned music for situation comedy. Ozzie Nelson himself directed and co-wrote all the episodes, as he would most of the video shows.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Adventures_of_Ozzie_and_Harriet
1944 World War II: The Battle of Crucifix Hill occurs on Crucifix Hill just outside Aachen. Capt. Bobbie Brown receives a Medal of Honor for his heroics in this battle.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Crucifix_Hill
1945 President Harry Truman announced that the secret of the atomic bomb would be shared only with Britain and Canada.
1949 "You're Breaking My Heart" by Vic Damone topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/You%27re_Breaking_My_Heart
1955 "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing" by Four Aces topped the charts. Founded by Navy shipmates Al Alberts and Dave Mahoney, the act added Lou Silvestri and Sol Vaccaro before making a name for themselves around their native Philadelphia. Their debut single for Decca, "Tell Me Why," just barely missed the top of the charts and sold a million copies as well. A few Top Ten hits followed during the early '50s before the theme to Three Coins in the Fountain hit number one in 1954. Another movie theme, "Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing," spent over a month at the top during 1955.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Love_Is_a_Many-Splendored_Thing_(song)
1955 Worlds most powerful aircraft carrier, Saratoga (US), launched. The fifth Saratoga (CV-60) was laid down on 16 December 1952 by the New York Naval Shipyard, New York City, N.Y.; launched on 8 October 1955; sponsored by Mrs. Charles S. Thomas; and commissioned on 14 April 1956, Capt. R. J. Stroh in command.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/USS_Saratoga_(CV-60)
1956 Don Larsen, NY, pitches only perfect world series game vs Brooklyn. Series history is made by Don Larsen of the Yankees, who pitches a perfect game to defeat the Dodgers 2-0 in Game 5. He requires only 97 pitches. Sal Maglie matches him until Mickey Mantle homers in the 4th.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Don_Larsen
1957 Brooklyn Dodgers announce move to Los Angeles
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brooklyn_Dodgers#Move_to_California
1957 Jerry Lee Lewis records "Great Balls Of Fire" in Memphis, Tennessee. Jerry Lee Lewis was not the only early rock-and-roller from a strict Christian background who struggled to reconcile his religious beliefs with the moral implications of the music he created. He may have been the only one to have one of his religious crises caught on tape, however—in between takes on one of his legendary hit songs. It was on October 8, 1957, that bible-school dropout Jerry Lee Lewis laid down the definitive version of "Great Balls Of Fire," amidst a losing battle with his conscience and with the legendary Sam Phillips, head of Sun Records.
Jerry Lee Lewis had first made his way to Sun Records in September 1956, hoping to catch his big break in the same Memphis recording studio where Elvis had caught his. The result of Lewis' first session, in November 1956, was the minor hit "Crazy Arms," but six months later, he and Phillips struck gold with "Whole Lotta Shakin' Goin On," a million-selling smash. Lewis's signature piano-pounding style and electric stage presence made him an instantaneous star, but stardom didn't quiet the doubts that his upbringing in the Assemblies of God church had given him about rock and roll. Those doubts would be on open display when he went back to the studio on this day in 1957.
It was hours into the "Great Balls Of Fire" session when Jerry Lee began arguing with Sam Phillips that the song was too sinful for him to record. As the two talked loudly over each other, Phillips pleaded with Lewis to believe that his music could actually be a force for moral good.
Phillips: "You can save souls!"
Lewis: "No, no, no, no!"
Phillips: "YES!"
Lewis: "How can the devil save souls?...I got the devil in me!
Jerry Lee somehow made peace with the conflict over the course of the next hour, becoming comfortable enough to begin making various unprintable statements on his way to saying with enthusiasm, "You ready to cut it? You ready to go?" just before launching into the take that would soon become his second smash-hit single.
Jerry Lee Lewis' moral struggles would continue throughout a storied career that would never quite recover from the 1958 disclosure of his marriage to a 13-year-old cousin. At the peak of his powers following "Great Balls Of Fire," however, he was a figure as magnetic as any in rock-and-roll history. As the producer Don Dixon would later say in an NPR interview, "Little Richard was fun, Elvis was cool, but Jerry Lee Lewis was frightening."
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_Lee_Lewis
1960 "My Heart Has a Mind of Its Own" by Connie Francis topped the charts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/My_Heart_Has_a_Mind_of_Its_Own
1960 Bobby Richardson hits a world series grand slam.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bobby_Richardson
1961 Whitey Ford set the World Series record for consecutive scoreless innings.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Whitey_Ford
1962 N Korea reports 100% election turnout, 100% vote for Workers' Party
1966 Wyoming's Jerry DePoyster kicks 3 field goals over 50 yds (54, 54, 52). DePoyster held at least six NCAA records including most field goal attempts in a career (93), average field goal attempts per game during a career (3.10), most field goal attempts of 50 yards or more in a single season (17 in 1966) and most in a single game (3 vs. Utah, Oct. 8, 1966). He led the team in scoring all three years of his career, and led the WAC in scoring in 1966 and 1967.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jerry_DePoyster
1967 Guerrilla leader Che Guevara and his men are captured in Bolivia.
1968 - Vietnam War: Operation Sealords – United States and South Vietnamese forces launch a new operation in the Mekong Delta.
1969 The opening rally of the Days of Rage occurs, organized by the Weather Underground in Chicago, Illinois.
1970 Soviet author Alexander I Solzhenitsyn awarded Nobel Prize for Literature. . Born in 1918 in the Soviet Union, Solzhenitsyn was a leading writer and critic of Soviet internal oppression. Arrested in 1945 for criticizing the Stalin regime, he served eight years in Russian prisons and labor camps. Upon his release in 1953 he was sent into "internal exile" in Asiatic Russia. After Stalin's death, Solzhenitsyn was released from his exile and began writing in earnest. His first publication, One Day in the Life of Ivan Denisovich (1963), appeared in the somewhat less repressive atmosphere of Nikita Khrushchev's regime (1955-1964). The book was widely read in both Russia and the West, and its harsh criticisms of Stalinist repression provided a dramatic insight into the Soviet system.
Eventually, however, Soviet officials clamped down on Solzhenitsyn and other Russian artists, and henceforth his works had to be secreted out of Russia in order to be published. These works included Cancer Ward (1968) and the massive three-volume The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956 (1973-1978). The Soviet government further demonstrated its displeasure over Solzhenitsyn's writings by preventing him from personally accepting his Nobel Prize in 1970. In 1974, he was expelled from the Soviet Union for treason, and he moved to the United States. Although celebrated as a symbol of anticommunist resistance, Solzhenitsyn was also extremely critical of many aspects of American society; particularly what he termed its incessant materialism. He returned to Russia in 1994. Solzhenitsyn died of heart failure in Moscow on August 3, 2008. He was 89.
1970 – Vietnam War: In Paris, a Communist delegation rejects US President Richard Nixon's October 7 peace proposal as "a maneuver to deceive world opinion".
1971 John Lennon releases his megahit "Imagine." A strong political message that is sugarcoated in a beautiful melody. Lennon realized that the softer approach would bring the song to a wider audience, who hopefully would listen to his message. Lennon later felt that this song should have been a Lennon/Ono collaboration. Said John, "The lyric, the concept, came from Yoko, but in those days I was more selfish, more macho, and omitted to mention her contribution. But it was right out of her Grapefruit book- there's a whole pile of pieces about imagine this and imagine that."
1973 Yom Kippur War: Gabi Amir's armored brigade attacks Egyptian occupied positions on the Israeli side of the Suez Canal, in hope of driving them away. The attack fails, and over 150 Israeli tanks are destroyed.
1974 "Then Came You", by Dionne Warwick and The Spinners, went solid gold this day.
1974 Franklin National Bank collapses due to fraud and mismanagement; at the time it is the largest bank failure in the history of the United States.
1977 "Star Wars Theme/Cantina Band" by Meco topped the charts.
1981 USAC appeals panel restores disputed Indy 500 victory to Al Unser . Instead of the usual three hours and a fraction, it took 138 days to get an official winner in the 1981 Indianapolis 500. Bobby Unser won the race on May 24, lost it on May 25, and won it back on Oct. 8. That was when, by a 2-1 vote, the appeals panel decided to change Unser's penalty for passing a string of cars under the yellow. He had passed them when he roared out of the pits and through the first turn and south short chute.
1982 - An unusually early snowstorm hit the northern Black Hills of Wyoming and South Dakota. The storm produced up to 54 inches of snow, and winds as high as 70 mph. The snowfall was very much dependent upon topography. Rapid City, 20 miles away, received just a trace of snow. (The Weather Channel)
1982 Poland bans Solidarity and all trade unions
1986 The first North American Congress on the Holy Spirit and World Evangelization opened in New Orleans. It drew 7,000 leaders from 40 denominations, and stressed the part which the charismatic experience plays in evangelization.
1987 - Unseasonably cold weather prevailed from the Upper Mississippi Valley to the southeastern U.S. Thirty cities reported record low temperatures for the date, including Madison WI with a reading of 22 degrees. The low of 28 degrees at Evansville IN was the coolest of record for so early in the season. Hot weather continued in the southwestern U.S. Phoenix AZ reported a record high of 104 degrees and a record tying 116 days of 100 degree weather for the year. Tucson AZ established an all-time record with 72 days of 100 degree weather for the year. (The National Weather Summary)
1988 - Snow was reported across parts of northern New England. Two inches blanketed Mount Snow VT. Warm weather continued in the northwestern U.S. The afternoon high of 80 degrees at Stampede Pass WA exceeded their previous record for October by seven degrees. (The National Weather Summary)
1989 - Morning lows in the 20s were reported from the Northern Plains to the Upper Great Lakes. International Falls MN and Marquette MI reported record lows of 22 degrees. Unseasonably warm weather prevailed in central California as the Oakland Athletics won the American League pennant. San Luis Obispo CA reported a high of 99 degrees. (The National Weather Summary)
1990 US doctors Joseph E Murray & E Donnall Thomas win Nobel Prize in Phisiology or Medicine for work on organ and cell transplantation.
1998 U.S. House of Representatives initiates Clinton impeachment inquiry On this day in 1998, the U.S. House of Representatives votes to proceed toward impeaching President Bill Clinton on charges of perjury and obstruction of justice. By December 1998, the Republican-led House had gathered enough information from an investigation committee to vote in favor of impeachment, which in turn sent the case to the Senate.
The House of Representatives’ decision to send the impeachment process to the Senate came after a four-year investigation into Clinton and his wife Hillary’s alleged involvement in several scandals including allegedly improper Arkansas real-estate deals, suspected fundraising violations, claims of sexual harassment and accusations of cronyism involving the firing of White House travel agents. Over the course of the investigation, the independent prosecutor assigned to the case, Kenneth Starr, was informed of an extramarital affair between Clinton and a White House intern named Monica Lewinsky. The president had denied the affair as part of another lawsuit (the Paula Jones case), but when questioned by Starr, Clinton tried to invoke executive privilege to avoid responding. An undeterred Starr then charged the president with obstruction of justice, which forced the president to testify before a grand jury in August 1998.
In his testimony, the president admitted to an inappropriate relationship with Lewinsky and that he regretted misleading his wife and the American people when he denied the affair earlier. He insisted he gave "legally accurate" answers in his testimony and "at no time" did he ask anyone to "lie, hide or destroy evidence or to take any unlawful action." When addressing the investigation into his past business dealings, Clinton insisted the investigation did not prove that he or his wife Hilary had engaged in any illegal activity.
After his testimony, members of the House of Representatives engaged in a battle over whether or not to impeach Clinton. While Democrats favored censure, Republicans called loudly for impeachment, claiming Clinton was unfit to lead the country. In December 1998, the House voted to impeach the president; he was acquitted, though, after a five-week trial in the Senate. Public opinion polls at the time revealed that many people disapproved of the Lewinsky affair--which was conducted in the White House Oval Office--but did not consider it an action worthy of impeachment or resignation.
Bill Clinton was the first president to be impeached by the House of Representatives since Andrew Johnson in 1868. Johnson was also acquitted.
2001 U.S. President George W. Bush announces the establishment of the Office of Homeland Security.
Births
1720 Jonathan Mayhew, American minister at Old West Church, Boston, Massachusetts. He is credited with coining the phrase "no taxation without representation."(d. 1766)
1789 John Ruggles (d 1874) American politician from the U.S. state of Maine. He served in several important state legislative and judicial positions before serving in the U.S. Senate.
1818 John Henninger Reagan (d 1905), 19th century American politician from the U.S. state of Texas. A Democrat, Reagan resigned from the U.S. House of Representatives when Texas seceded from the Union to join the Confederate States of America. He served in the cabinet of Jefferson Davis as Postmaster General. After the Confederate defeat, he called for cooperation with the federal government and thus became unpopular, but returned to public office when his predictions of harsh treatment for resistance were proved correct.
1834 Walter Kittredge (d 1905), musician during the American Civil War, talented self-taught musician who played the violin, seraphine, and the melodeon, toured solo and with the Hutchinson Family, a musical troupe, wrote over 500 songs, many of them dealing with themes of the American Civil War--most famous song, Tenting on the Old Camp Ground, was sung by both sides of the war and is known throughout the world. A noted supporter of Abolitionism and the Temperance movement.
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/k/i/t/kittredge_w.htm
1862 Carl Frederick Graebner, president of the Lutheran college and seminary in Adelaide, Australia, was born at Saint Charles, Missouri (d. 5 Jun 1949).
1869 James Frank Duryea (d 1967) American inventor who with his brother Charles Duryea built the first automobile with multiple copies manufactured in the U.S. On 28 Nov 1895, Frank drove their car to win first prize in the first American Automobile Race in Chicago, held by the Chicago Times-Herald. At 8:55 am, six "motocycles" left Chicago's Jackson Park for a 54 mile race to Evanston, Illinois and back through the snow. Duryeas' No.5 took just over 10 hr (ave. 7.3 mph). Early in 1896, the Duryeas manufactured 13 copies of the car. Frank developed the "Stevens-Duryea," an expensive limousine, which remained in production into the 1920s. The brothers are recognised as "Fathers of the American Automobile Industry."
1870 Oscar John Johnson, president of Luther College (Wahoo, Nebraska) and Gustavus Adolphus College (Saint Peter, Minnesota), was born in Cleburne, Kansas (d 9 Mar 1946).
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=J&word=JOHNSON.OSCARJOHN
1883 Richard (Dick) Burnett (d 1977) American folk songwriter from Kentucky, born near Monticello, Kentucky. He was known to play the banjo and guitar and was blind in one eye. He allegedly wrote the traditional American folk song, Man of Constant Sorrow, which was later to be covered by Bob Dylan and featured in the movie O Brother Where Art Thou as another version. He recorded with fiddler Leon Rutherford for Columbia Records.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dick_Burnett_(musician)
1889 C. E. Woolman, American airline founder (d. 1966)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/C._E._Woolman
1890 Edward Vernon Rickenbacker (d 1973) was an American fighter ace in World War I and Medal of Honor recipient. "Ace of Aces" He was also a race car driver and automotive designer, a government consultant in military matters and a pioneer in air transportation, particularly as the longtime head of Eastern Air Lines.
1906 Harry Gilbert Day (d 2007) American nutritional biochemist who helped develop (with Joe Muhler and William Nebergall) the fluoride additive used in toothpaste to combat tooth decay. Proctor and Gamble (P&G) funded his research at Indiana University. In 1955, the Food and Drug administration approved stannous fluoride for use in toothpaste. P&G intriduced Crest toothpaste in Jan 1956 with this ingredient, which they called fluoristan. The patent was held by Indiana University, and P&G paid royalties for its use. In his career, Day's research evaluated the health aspects of food ingredients, principles of food safety, and nutrition including the nutritional requirements of phosphorus, zinc, fluoride, boron and iron.
1910 Gus Hall, American union organizer and head of the U.S. Communist Party (d. 2000)
1913 Robert Rowe Gilruth (d 2000) American aerospace scientist, engineer, and a pioneer of the Mercury, Gemini, and Apollo space programs. He developed the X-1, first plane to break the sound barrier. Gilruth directed Project Mercury, the initial program for achieving manned space flight. Under his leadership, the first American astronaut orbited the Earth only a little over 3 years after NASA was created. In 1961, President Kennedy and the Congress committed the nation to a manned lunar landing within the decade. Gilruth was named the Director of the Manned Spacecraft Center and assigned the responsibility of designing and developing the spacecraft and associated equipment, planning and controlling missions, and training flight crews. He retired from NASA in 1973.
1913 Walter Schumann (d 1958) American composer for film, television, and the theater. His notable works include the score for The Night of the Hunter and the Dragnet Theme.
1916 Spark Masayuki Matsunaga Kukuiula, Hawaii (d 1990, in Toronto, Ontario, Canada) United States Senator from Hawaii, American Democrat whose legislation in the United States Senate led to the creation of the Commission on Wartime Relocation and Internment of Civilians.
1917 Walter Lord (d 2002) American author, best known for his documentary-style non-fiction account A Night to Remember, about the sinking of the RMS Titanic.
1917 Daniel Edward Murtaugh (d 1976) American second baseman, manager, front-office executive and coach in Major League Baseball best known for his 29-year association with the Pittsburgh Pirates as a player and manager.
1920 Frank Herbert sci-fi writer (Dune) (d 1986)
1927 Philip James "Jim" Elliot, American evangelical Christian missionary to Ecuador who, along with four others, was killed while attempting to evangelize the Waodani people through efforts known as Operation Auca. (d. 1956)
1928 M. Russell Ballard, LDS apostle
1929 Franklin William Stahl U.S. geneticist who, in 1958, (with Matthew Meselson) elucidated the mode of replication of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA; the gene substance) a double-stranded helix that dissociates to form two strands, each of which directs the construction of a new sister strand. They grew E. coli on media (food) that contained the heavier isotope of nitrogen-15 causing all of their DNA to be heavy. They switched the E. coli to media that contained normal nitrogen and then analyzed the DNA after each generation. After one generation, all of the DNA was medium-weight. Thus one strand of the double helix was heavy and one strand was light. After two generations, half of the DNA was medium-weight and half was normal light-weight DNA.
1936 - Rona Barrett, American gossip columnist
1939 Lynne Feltham Stewart attorney that represented controversial, and often unpopular defendants. In 2005, Stewart was convicted on charges of conspiracy and providing material support to terrorists, and sentenced to 28 months in prison. Her felony conviction led to her being automatically disbarred. She was convicted of helping pass messages from her client, Sheikh Omar Abdel-Rahman, an Egyptian cleric convicted of planning terror attacks, to his followers in al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya, an organization designated as a Foreign Terrorist Organization by the United States Secretary of State. She was re-sentenced on July 15, 2010, to 10 years in prison in light of her perjury at her trial, and other factors not properly considered against her by the sentencing judge
1941 - Jesse Jackson, American clergyman and civil rights activist
1943 Chevy Chase, American comedian and actor
1944 Susan Raye Eugene, Oregon, United States, American country music singer, best known for a series of Top 40 Country hits in the early half of the 1970s, most notably the song "L.A. International Airport" , an international crossover pop hit in 1971.
1946 Dennis Kucinich, American politician
1947 Stephen Shore American photographer known for his deadpan images of banal scenes and objects in the United States, and for his pioneering use of color in art photography.
1949 Sigourney Weaver, American actress
1952 Edward M. Zwick American filmmaker and film producer noted for his sprawling war films. He has been described as a "throwback to an earlier era, an extremely cerebral director whose movies consistently feature fully rounded characters, difficult moral issues, and plots that thrive on the ambiguity of authority."
1955 Bill Elliott, American racing driver, in Motorsports Hall of Fame of America
Deaths
1793 John Hancock, American revolutionary, merchant, statesman, and prominent Patriot of the American Revolution. He served as president of the Second Continental Congress and was the first and third Governor of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts. He is remembered for his large and stylish signature on the United States Declaration of Independence, so much so that "John Hancock" became, in the United States, a synonym for "signature". (b. 1737)
1869 Franklin Pierce, 14th President of the United States (b. 1804)
1886 Austin Franklin Pike (b 1819) United States Representative and Senator from New Hampshire.
1944 Wendell Willkie, American politician (b. 1892)
1955 Iry LeJeune, Cajun musician (b. 1928)
1985 Malcolm Ross, American balloonist and atmospheric physicist (b. 1919)
1985 Leon Klinghoffer hijackers of Achille Lauro, throw him off the boat
1992 Willy Brandt, Chancellor of Germany, Nobel laureate (b. 1913)
1997 Bertrand Goldberg (b 1913) American architect best known for the Marina City complex in Chicago, Illinois, the tallest residential concrete buildings in the world at the time of completion.
Christian Feast Day
Palatia and Laurentia
Pelagia (Roman Catholic Church)
October 8 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
Saints
Venerable Pelagia the Penitent of the Mount of Olives (457)
Virgin-martyr Pelagia of Antioch (303)
Saint Thaïs (Taisia) of Egypt (4th century)
St. Anthony, archbishop of Novgorod (1232)
Saint Dositheus of Verkneostrov in Pskov (1482)
Saint Tryphon of Vyatka, abbot (1612)
New Monk-martyr Ignatius of Bulgaria and Mt. Athos, at Constantinople (1814)
New Hieromartyrs Jonah (Lazarev), bishop of Velizhsk, and companions (1937)
Demetrius (Dobroserdov), archbishop of Mozhaisk, and with him John the deacon, Monk-martyrs Andrew and Pachomius, Nun-martyr Tatiana, and Martyrs Nicholas, Maria and Nadezhda (1937)
Synaxis of the Saints of Vyatka.
www.history.com/this-day-in-history
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8
www.amug.org/~jpaul/oct08.html
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.todayinsci.com/10/10_08.htm
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm
www.lcms.org/page.aspx?pid=387
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/October_8_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)