United States History: September 23

United States History: September 23 Sept 21, 2012 22:19:49 GMT -5

Quote

Post by farmgal on Sept 21, 2012 22:19:49 GMT -5

September 23rd is the 267th day of this leap year in the Gregorian calendar.
There are 99 days remaining until the end of the year.

Days until Election Day, Tuesday November 6, 2012: 44

Countdown until Obama leaves Office www.obamaclock.org/

U.S. Debt Clock: www.usdebtclock.org/

1122 The Concordat of Worms was reached between Pope Callistus II and Holy Roman Emperor Henry V. It settled the Investiture Controversy over who had the right -- bishop or emperor -- to choose replacement clergy for vacant positions.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordat_of_Worms

1529 The Siege of Vienna began as Suleiman I (1494–1566) began his attack on the city.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siege_of_Vienna

1536 Pope Paul III (b 29 Feb 1468; elected 12 Oct 1534; d 10 Nov 1549) called a church council to be held at Mantua for the purpose of “the utter extirpation of the poisonous, pestilential Lutheran heresy.” The council was never held.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pope_Paul_III

1642 - First commencement exercises occur at Harvard College.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harvard

1667 - In Williamsburg, Virginia, a law was passed, barring slaves from obtaining their freedom by converting to Christianity.

1742 Henry Melchior Muhlenberg (1711–1787) arrived in America at Charleston, South Carolina.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Melchior_Muhlenberg

Defence of Captn Pearson in his Majesty’s Ship Serapis and the Countess of Scarborough Arm’d Ship Captn Piercy, against Paul Jones's Squadron, 23 Sept 1779, by Robert Dodd

1779 - American Revolution: a squadron commanded by John Paul Jones on board the USS Bonhomme Richard wins the Battle of Flamborough Head, off the coast of England, against two British warships.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Flamborough_Head

1780 - American Revolution: British Major John André is arrested as a spy by American soldiers exposing Benedict Arnold's change of sides.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Andr%C3%A9

1806 - Lewis & Clark return to St Louis from the Pacific Northwest
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_%26_Clark

1815 - One of the greatest hurricanes to strike New England made landfall at Long Island and crossed Massachusetts and New Hampshire. It was the worst tempest in nearly two hundred years, equal to the hurricane which struck in 1938, and one of a series of severe summer and autumn storms to affect shipping lanes that year. (David Ludlum)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_September_Gale_of_1815

1822 Friedrich Lochner at Nuernberg, Middle Franconia, Bavaria (d 14 Feb 1902). He came to America under influence of Wilhelm Loehe and served as a pastor in Pleasant Ridge and Collinsville, Illinois; Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where he founded the Missouri Synod’s first teachers seminary; and Springfield, Illinois. He was a noted author and liturgical scholar.
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=L&word=LOCHNER.FRIEDRICHJOHANNCARL

1845 - 1st baseball team, NY Knickerbockers organize, adopt rule code
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Knickerbockers

1846 - Using mathematical predictions by French mathematician Urbain Le Verrier, German astronomer Johann Gottfried Galle became the first person to observe Neptune and recognise it as a hitherto unknown planet.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neptune

1857 Jeremy Lanphier Led Prayer Revival. Jeremy Lanphier had hoped for more. But six people were six people. And did not scripture say, "Where two or three are gathered together in my name, there am I in the midst of you"? So on this day, September 23, 1857, at lunchtime, he did not moan about the small number who turned out in response to his advertisement. Instead, he knelt with the others in the rented hall in Fulton Street, New York.

America sure needed prayer. The United States was in spiritual, political, and economic decline. Many people were disillusioned with spiritual things because of preachers who had repeatedly predicted the end of the world in the 1840's. Agitation over slavery was breeding political unrest, and civil war seemed near. Just this year, financial panic had hit. Banks failed, railroads went bankrupt, factories closed, unemployment increased.

In lower Manhattan, a Dutch Reformed church had been steadily losing members, largely because of population changes owing to immigration; they hired the layman Jeremy to reverse the trend with an active visitation program. Despite his visits, church members were listless. So he rented the hall on Fulton street and advertised prayer meetings. He himself enjoyed close fellowship with the Lord and thought others might, too. Conditions in the United States got worse; maybe that was a good thing. Sometimes trouble makes people turn to God. The Bank of Philadelphia failed. The third week of Jeremy's program, his prayer meeting had forty participants and they asked for daily meetings.

On October 10, the stock market crashed. Suddenly people were flocking to the prayer meetings. Within six months 10,000 people were gathering daily for prayer in New York City alone.

Other cities experienced a renewed interest in prayer, too. In Chicago, the Metropolitan Theater was filled every day with 2,000 praying people. In Louisville, several thousand came to the Masonic Temple for prayer each morning. 2,000 assembled for daily prayer in Cleveland, and St. Louis churches were filled for months at a time. In many places tents were set up for prayer. The newly formed YMCA also played an important role in holding prayer meetings and spreading the revival throughout the country.

In February, 1858, Gordon Bennett of the New York Herald gave extensive coverage to the prayer revival. Not to be outdone, the New York Tribune devoted an entire issue in April, 1858 to news of the revival. News of the revival traveled west by telegraph. This was the first revival which the media played an important role in spreading.

Lay people, not church leaders led. Prayer, rather than preaching, was the main focus. The meetings themselves were informal -- any person might pray, speak, lead in a song, or give a word of testimony, with a five minute limit placed on each speaker. In spite of loose organization, the prayer meetings avoided the emotionalism displayed in earlier revivals.

Thus the small prayer meeting of Jeremy Lanphier on this day led to the Third Great Awakening. This was the first revival beginning in America with a worldwide impact. The revival spread to Ireland, Scotland, Wales, England, Europe, South Africa, India, Australia, and the Pacific islands.

All classes became interested in salvation, backsliders returned, conversions increased, and Christians desired a deeper instruction in spiritual truths. Families established daily devotions, and entire communities underwent a noticeable change in morals. Preaching, which in many places had become intellectual and lifeless, now concentrated on the truths of the gospel of Christ and His cross. As James Buchanan of Scotland summarized, it was a time when "new spiritual life was imparted to the dead, and new spiritual health imparted to the living."
www.christianity.com/ChurchHistory/11630507/

1897 - 1st Frontier Days rodeo celebration (Cheyene Wyoming)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frontier_Days_(rodeo)#Cheyenne_Frontier_Days
www.cfdrodeo.com/home/

1902 The New York and New England Synod was organized at Utica, New York, by the English-speaking pastors of the New York Ministerium.
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=N&word=NEWYORKANDNEWENGLAND.EVANGELICALLUTHERANSYNODOF

1904 - The temperature at Charlotteburg, NJ, dipped to 23 degrees, the coldest reading of record for so early in the autumn for the state. (The Weather Channel)

1912 1st Mack Sennett "Keystone Comedy" movie released
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keystone_Studios

1921 - On October 23, 1921, in the French town of Chalons-sur-Marne, an American officer selects the body of the first "Unknown Soldier" to be honored among the approximately 77,000 United States servicemen killed on the Western Front during World War I.

According to the official records of the Army Graves Registration Service deposited in the U.S. National Archives in Washington, four bodies were transported to Chalons from the cemeteries of Aisne-Marne, Somme, Meuse-Argonne and Saint-Mihiel. All were great battlegrounds, and the latter two regions were the sites of two offensive operations in which American troops took a leading role in the decisive summer and fall of 1918. As the service records stated, the identity of the bodies was completely unknown: "The original records showing the internment of these bodies were searched and the four bodies selected represented the remains of soldiers of which there was absolutely no indication as to name, rank, organization or date of death."

The four bodies arrived at the Hotel de Ville in Chalons-sur-Marne on October 23, 1921. At 10 o’clock the next morning, French and American officials entered a hall where the four caskets were displayed, each draped with an American flag. Sergeant Edward Younger, the man given the task of making the selection, carried a spray of white roses with which to mark the chosen casket. According to the official account, Younger "entered the chamber in which the bodies of the four Unknown Soldiers lay, circled the caskets three times, then silently placed the flowers on the third casket from the left. He faced the body, stood at attention and saluted."

Bearing the inscription "An Unknown American who gave his life in the World War," the chosen casket traveled to Paris and then to Le Havre, France, where it would board the cruiser Olympia for the voyage across the Atlantic. Once back in the United States, the Unknown Soldier was buried in Arlington National Cemetery, near Washington, D.C.

1938 - Time capsule, to be opened in 6939, buried at World's Fair in NYC (capsule contained a woman's hat, man's pipe & 1,100' of microfilm)

1941 - World War II: The first gas chamber experiments are conducted at Auschwitz.

1942 - World War II: First day of the September Matanikau action on Guadalcanal as United States Marine Corps forces attack Imperial Japanese Army units along the Matanikau River.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matanikau_Offensive

1943 - World War II: The so-called Salò Republic is born.

1949 - President Truman shocked America with a terse announcement: "We have evidence that within recent weeks an atomic explosion occurred in the USSR." The alarm stimulated activity in scientific and political circles, and an arms race was the clear response when on 31 Jan 1950, President Harry S. Truman announced a program to develop the American hydrogen bomb. "I have directed ... work on all forms of atomic weapons, including the so called hydrogen or superbomb. Like all other work in the field of atomic weapons, it is ... consistent with the overall objectives of our program for peace and security ... until a satisfactory plan for international control of atomic energy is achieved."

1952 - Richard Nixon makes his "Checker's" speech
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkers_speech

1952 - Rocky Marciano KOs heavyweight champ Jersey Joe Walcott in 13 for heavyweight boxing title

1959 - Iowa farmer Roswell Garst hosts Soviet premier Nikita Khrushchev.

1960 While mourning the recent death of his wife Joy Davidman, English apologist C.S. Lewis wrote in a letter: 'My great recent discovery is that when I mourn Joy least I feel nearest to her. Passionate sorrow cuts us off from the dead.'
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joy_Davidman

1962 - NY's Philharmonic Hall (since renamed Avery Fisher Hall) opens as 1st unit of the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Avery_Fisher_Hall

Poster in support of the "Conspiracy 8"
1969 - The Chicago Eight trial opens in Chicago.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chicago_Seven

1976 - Ford-Carter TV debate
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/United_States_presidential_election_debates#1976_to_present

1979 - Jane Fonda & 200,000 attend anti-nuke rally in Battery Park, NYC
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jane_Fonda

1979 - Lou Brock steals record 935th base

1980 - Big Thunder Mountain Railroad opens
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Thunder_Mountain_Railroad

1983 - Phillies Steve Carlton wins his 300th game (beating St Louis Cards)

1983 - A thunderstorm downburst caused a timber blowdown in the Kaibab National Forest north of the Grand Canyon. Two hundred acres were completely destroyed, and scattered destruction occurred across another 3300 acres. Many trees were snapped off 15 to 30 feet above ground level. (The Weather Channel)

1983 - Gulf Air Flight 771 is bombed, killing all 117 people on board.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gulf_Air_Flight_771

1984 - Sparky Anderson is 1st manager to win 100 games in both leagues

1987 - Autumn began on a rather pleasant note for much of the nation. Showers and thunderstorms were confined to Florida and the southwestern deserts. Warm weather continued in the western U.S., and began to spread into the Great Plains Region, but even in the southwestern deserts readings remained below 100 degrees. (The National Weather Summary)

1988 - José Canseco of the Oakland Athletics becomes the first member of the 40-40 club.

1988 - Thunderstorms developing along a cold front in the south central U.S. produced severe weather in Oklahoma during the afternoon and early evening hours. Thunderstorms produced softball size hail near Noble and Enterprise, and baseball size hail at Lequire and Kinta. A tornado near Noble OK destroyed a mobile home injuring one person. (The National Weather Summary) (Storm Data)

1989 - Seventeen cities in the north central U.S. reported record low temperatures for the date, including Devils Lake ND with a reading of 22 degrees. Jackson KY reported a record low of 41 degrees during the late afternoon. Strong northwesterly winds ushering cold air into the central and northeastern U.S. gusted to 55 mph at Indianapolis IND. Winds along the cold front gusted to 65 mph at Norfolk VA, and thunderstorms along the cold front deluged Roseland NJ with 2.25 inches of rain in one hour. The temperature at Richmond VA plunged from 84 degrees to 54 degrees in two hours. Snow and sleet was reported at Binghamton NY. (Storm Data) (The National Weather Summary)

1990 - PBS begins an 11 hour miniseries on The Civil War
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Civil_War_(TV_series)

1990 - Saddam says he will destroy Israel

1999 - The Mars Climate Observer apparently burned up as it was about to go into orbit around the Red Planet.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mars_Climate_Observer

2004 - Hurricane Jeanne: At least 1,070 in Haiti are reported killed by floods.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hurricane_Jeanne

2008 - A gunman shot and killed ten students at Seinäjoki University of Applied Sciences in Kauhajoki, Western Finland, before committing suicide.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kauhajoki_school_shooting

Births

1647 - Joseph Dudley (d 1720), colonial governor of Massachusetts from 1702 to 1715, was born and died in Roxbury, Massachusetts.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joseph_Dudley

1745 - John Sevier (d 1815) served four years (1785–1789) as the only governor of the State of Franklin and twelve years (1796–1801 and 1803–1809) as Governor of Tennessee, and as a U.S. Representative from Tennessee from 1811 until his death. He also served as the commander of the Washington County, North Carolina, contingent of the Overmountain Men in the Battle of Kings Mountain.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Sevier

1779 Philip Henkel, founder of the Tennessee Synod, was born in Hampshire, Virginia (d. 9 October 1833).
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=H&word=HENKELS.THE

1800 - William Holmes McGuffey educator (McGuffey Readers), (d ) Born in western Pennsylvania. Raised on the Ohio frontier, he returned east to attend Washington College (now Washington and Jefferson College) and became a professor of languages at Miami University, Ohio. A clergyman and college president, Mcguffey became an advocate of public education. He compiled a series of six readers, known as the McGuffey Readers, which sold perhaps as many as 120 million copies. These books had a strong bearing on the intergrity of a generation, owing to the strong moral tone of selections
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Holmes_McGuffey

1805 - Matthew Adams Stickney Rowley Mass, numismatist

1838 - Victoria Woodhull, American suffragist (d 1927)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_Woodhull

1852 William Stewart Halsted (d 1922) American surgeon who established the first U.S. surgical school. In 1884, he was first to describe injection of cocaine into the trunk of a sensory nerve to block pain transmission. From 1886, he joined research at a pathological laboratory newly-formed in Baltimore, Md. where he developed strict aseptic surgical techniques with fine silk sutures in small stitches and careful tissue handling that gave safer, more effective results. In 1890, Halsted began use of rubber gloves, the year he was appointed first surgeon-in-chief at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Halsted created there subspecialty divisions such as orthopedics, otolaryngology and urology. His successful training of surgeons was spread as those he taught took up careers at other institutions.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/William_Stewart_Halsted

1855 James Levi Barton, missionary of the American Board (Congregational) at Harpoot, Turkey, was born in Charlotte, Vermont (d. 1936).
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=B&word=BARTON.JAMESLEVI

1857 Horace Greely B. Artman, Lutheran missionary to India, born in Zionsville, Pennsylvania (d 18 Sep 1884).
cyclopedia.lcms.org/display.asp?t1=A&word=ARTMAN.HORACEGREELYB

1863 - Mary Eliza Church Terrell, American writer, daughter of two former slaves, was one of the first African-American women to earn a college degree. She became an activist who led several important associations and helped to work for civil rights and suffrage. (d. 1954)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Eliza_Church_Terrell

1869 - Mary Mallon (d 1938) famous typhoid carrier in the New York City area in the early 20th century. Fifty-one original cases of typhoid and three deaths were directly attributed to her (countless more were indirectly attributed), although she herself was immune to the typhoid bacillus (Salmonella typhi). The outbreak of )Typhus in Oyster Bay, Long Island, in 1904 puzzled the scientists of the time because they thought they had wiped out the deadly disease. Mallon's case showed that a person could be a carrier without showing any outward signs of being sick, and it led to most of the Health Code laws on the books today. She died not from typhoid but from the effects of a paralytic stroke dating back to 25 Dec 1932.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Mallon

Lomax visiting with Alabama musician Uncle Rich Brown in 1940

1870 - John Lomax Mississippi, (d 1948) folk song collector, ethnomusicologist and folklorist who did much for the preservation of American folk songs.
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi

1888 Gerhard Kittel, (d 11 Jul 1948) German Lutheran Bible scholar. He was first editor of a 10-volume Greek lexicon which took 43 years to complete (1933-76). In its English edition (1964-76), the work is entitled, "Theological Dictionary of the New Testament" -- or "TDNT" for short.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gerhard_Kittel

1889 - Walter Lippmann, American journalist, intellectual, writer, reporter, and political commentator who gained notoriety for the introduction of the concept of Cold War for the first time in the world. Lippmann was twice awarded (1958 and 1962) a Pulitzer Prize for his syndicated newspaper column, “Today and Tomorrow”.(d. 1974)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Lippmann

1897 - Walter Davis Pidgeon (d 1984) was a Canadian actor who lived most of his adult life in the United States. He starred in many motion pictures, including Mrs. Miniver, The Bad and the Beautiful, Forbidden Planet, Advise and Consent and Funny Girl.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Pidgeon

1899 - Tom C. Clark, United States Attorney General from 1945 to 1949 and an Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the United States (1949–1967). (d. 1977)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tom_C._Clark

1900 - Louise Berliawsky Nevelson (born Leah Berliawsky; September 23, 1899 – April 17, 1988) was an American artist.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louise_Berliawsky_Nevelson

1915 - Clifford G. Shull American physicist who shared the 1994 Nobel Prize for Physics with Canadian physicist Bertram N. Brockhouse. Shull's part of the award was for his development of neutron-scattering techniques, especially the neutron diffraction process that gave scientists a new tool to investigate the atomic structure of matter.

1910 - Elliott Roosevelt (d 1990) was an United States Army Air Forces officer and an author, son of U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt (FDR) and First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt.

1911 - Frank Edward Moss (d 2003) was a moderate Democratic United States Senator from Utah. He represented Utah in the United States Senate from 1959 until 1977.

1920 - Mickey Rooney Brooklyn NY, actor (Bill, Andy Hardy, Sugar Babies)

1926 - John William Coltrane saxophonist, (sometimes abbreviated "Trane") (d 1967) was an American jazz saxophonist and composer. He was beatified by the African Orthodox Church as Saint John William Coltrane. (Round Midnight)

1930 - Ray Charles (Robinson) Albany Ga, singer/pianist (d 2004), American musician, a pioneer in the genre of soul music during the 1950s by fusing rhythm & blues, gospel, and blues styles into his early recordings with Atlantic Records, also helped racially integrate country and pop music during the 1960s with his crossover success on ABC Records, most notably with his Modern Sounds albums. While with ABC, Charles became one of the first African-American musicians to be given artistic control by a mainstream record company. (Georgia)

1941 - George Lester Jackson (d 1971) American convict who became a left-wing activist, Marxist, author, and a member of the Black Panther Party while incarcerated, achieved fame as one of the Soledad Brothers and was later shot to death by prison guards in San Quentin Prison under debated circumstances.

1943 - Julio Iglesias singer(Of All the Girls I Loved Before)

1943 - Marty Schottenheimer, American football coach

1944 - Loren J Shriver Iowa, Col USAF/astronaut (STS 51-C, STS-31, sk:46)

1949 - Bruce Frederick Joseph Springsteen nicknamed "The Boss", is an American singer-songwriter who records and tours with the E Street Band. Springsteen is widely known for his brand of heartland rock infused with pop hooks, poetic lyrics, and Americana sentiments centered on his native New Jersey.

1961 - William Cameron "Willie" McCool (d 2003) was a United States Navy Commander, NASA astronaut and the Space Shuttle pilot of Space Shuttle Columbia mission STS-107. He was killed, along with all others, when their spacecraft disintegrated during re-entry into the Earth's atmosphere.

1964 - Larry Krystkowiak, American basketball player and head coach

Deaths

1789 - John Rogers (b 1723) American lawyer from Upper Marlboro, Maryland. He was a delegate for Maryland to the Continental Congress in 1775 and 1776.

1830 - Elizabeth Kortright Monroe, American First Lady (b. 1768)

1867 - Michael O'Laughlen, Jr. (b 1840 in Baltimore, Maryland) in Dry Tortugas National Park, Florida, conspirator in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln.

1897 Frances Elizabeth Cox, hymn translator, (b 10 May 1812, Oxford, England).
www.cyberhymnal.org/bio/c/o/x/cox_fe.htm

1900 - William Marsh Rice, American philanthropist and university founder (b. 1816)

1907 John S. Norris (b. 4 Dec 1844), English-born American clergyman and composer
www.hymntime.com/tch/bio/n/o/r/norris_js.htm

1971 - James Waddell Alexander II (b 1888) mathematician and topologist of the pre-World War II era and part of an influential Princeton topology elite, which included Oswald Veblen, Solomon Lefschetz, and others
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Waddell_Alexander

1982 - James Clarence Wakeley (b 1914), better known as Jimmy Wakely, was a American country-Western singer and actor, one of the last crooning cowpokes following World War II. During the 1930s, 1940s and 1950s, he released records, appeared in several B-Western movies with most of the major studios, appeared on radio and television and even had his own series of comic books.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jimmy_Wakely

1987 - Bob Fosse, American dancer, choreographer, and actor (b. 1927)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bob_Fosse

1992 - James Van Fleet, U.S. Army general (b. 1892)

Rowan speaking at a National Security meeting on Vietnam in the Cabinet Room of the White House, July 1965.

2000 - Carl Rowan, American journalist (b 1925)
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carl_Rowan

2009 - Paul B. Fay, American businessman and cabinet member in the Kennedy administration (b. 1918)

Holidays and observances

Autumnal equinox

Christian Feast Day
Adomnán
Padre Pio
Thecla [/b](Roman Catholic Church)

September 23 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)

Saints

Martyrs Andrew, John, Peter, and Antoninus of Syracuse, martyred in Africa (9th century)
Virgin-martyr Irais (Saint Rais) of Alexandria (310)
Saints Xanthippa and Polyxena, disciples of the Apostles, who died in Spain (109)
Martyr Nicholas Pantopolis at Constantinople (1672)
Martyr John of Ioannina, Epirus (1814)
New martyr Arsenius, archimandrite (1937)
Saint Adamnan, biographer of Saint Columba (704)

Other Commemorations

The Conception of the Holy Prophet, Forerunner, and Baptist John
Repose of Abbess Eupraxia of Old Ladoga Convent (1823)
Repose of Hieroschemamonk Jerome of Solovki (1847)
Glorification (1977) of St. Innocent, metropolitan of Moscow, enlightener of Alaska and Siberia (1879)

Traditional New Year's Day in Constantinople and Eastern Orthodox Churches; because of the birthday of Augustus, not because of the equinox.

[/size]
akaCG
www.amug.org/~jpaul/sep23.html
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/john-paul-jones-wins-in-english-waters?catId=1
daysuntil.com/Election-Day/index.html
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
www.weatherforyou.com/cgi-bin/weather_history/today2S.pl
www.todayinsci.com/9/9_23.htm
www.lutheranhistory.org/history/tih0923.htm
www.lcms.org/page.aspx?pid=387
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm
www.christianity.com/churchhistory/
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/September_23_(Eastern_Orthodox_liturgics)