Post by farmgal on Sept 10, 2012 16:08:51 GMT -5
July 10 is the 191st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar.
There are 174 days remaining until the end of the year.
116 days until Election Day Tuesday November 2nd, 2010
851 days until Election Day Tuesday November 6th, 2012
1499 - Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon, after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.
1629 The first non-separatist Congregational church in America was established at Salem, Massachusetts.
1775 - Horatio Gates, issues order excluding blacks from Continental Army
1778 - American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1821 - The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain.
1832 - U.S.President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.
1850 - Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States upon the death of President Zachary Taylor, 16 months into his term.
1851 - California Wesleyan College was chartered in Santa Clara, under sponsorship ofthe Methodist Church. In 1961 its name was changed to the University of the Pacific.
1886 Eruption of Tarawera volcano destroys famous pink & white calcium carbonate hot-spring terraces (North Island, New Zealand)
1889 - "Buckskin" Frank Leslie murders a prostitute,
1890 - Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.
1892 - 1st concrete-paved street built (Bellefountaine, Ohio)
1913 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C), the highest temperature recorded in the United States.
1914 - Boston Red Sox purchase Babe Ruth from the Baltimore Orioles
1926 - Lake Denmark, NJ arsenal explodes, kills 21, $75m damage
1925 -USSR's official news agency TASS established
1925 - Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.
1934 - Carl Hubbell strikes out Ruth, Gehrig & Foxx in the All star game
1934 - 1st sitting US president to visit South America, FDR in Colombia
1936 109o F (43o C), Cumberland & Frederick, Maryland (state record)
1936 111o F (44o C), Phoenixville, Pennsylvania (state record)
1938 - Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world
1940 - World War II: the Vichy government is established in France.
1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain – The German Luftwaffe begins attacking British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).
1941 - Jedwabne Pogrom: the massacre of Jewish people living in and near the village of Jedwabne in Poland.
1943 - World War II: The launching of Operation Husky begins the Italian Campaign.
1962 - Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit. U.S. patent was issued to Swedish engineer, Nils Bohlen, for the three-point seat-belt (No. 3,043,625). His lap and and shoulder design is now familiar as the passenger-restraint safety device in cars that has saved countless lives. His design replaced the earlier style of a single safety belts strapped across the body, with the buckle placed over the abdomen, which often caused severe internal injuries in high-speed crashes. Bohlin assigned the patent to Volvo, the car manufacturer for whom he worked. From Aug 1959, Volvo incorporated Bohlin's seat belt into the vehicles they manufactured. The company also made the design freely available to other car manufacturers to save more lives.
1965 - Rolling Stones score their 1st #1, "I Can't Get No Satisfaction"
1966 - The Chicago Freedom Movement, lead by Martin Luther King, holds a rally at Soldier Field in Chicago, Illinois. As many as 60,000 people came to hear Dr. King as well as Mahalia Jackson, Stevie Wonder, and Peter, Paul and Mary.
1972 - Democratic convention opens in Miami Beach Florida nominates McGovern
1976 - One American and three British mercenaries are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial.
1978 - World News Tonight premieres on ABC.
1985 - Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland, New Zealand harbor by French DGSE agents.
1991 - Boris Yeltsin begins his 5-year term as the first elected President of Russia.
1992 - In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
1997 - In London scientists report the findings of the DNA analysis of a Neanderthal skeleton which support the "out of Africa theory" of human evolution placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
1998 - Roman Catholic sex abuse cases: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by former priest Rudolph Kos.
1999 - U.S. women win World Cup
2002 - At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting The Massacre of the Innocents is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson.
2005 - Hurricane Dennis slams into the Florida Panhandle, causing billions of dollars in damage.
Births:
1509 John Calvin, French religious reformer. His 'Institutes of the Christian Religion' became the most popular doctrinal statement of the Protestant Reformation.
1666 - John Ernest Grabe, German-born Anglican theologian (d. 1711)
1682 - Bartholomaeus Ziegenbalg, German Lutheran missionary to India (d. 1719)
1723 - William Blackstone, English judge, jurist and professor who produced the historical and analytic treatise on the common law entitled Commentaries on the Laws of England, first published in four volumes over 1765–1769. It had an extraordinary success, reportedly bringing the author £14,000, and still remains an important source on classical views of the common law and its principles. (d. 1780)
1792 - George Mifflin Dallas, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania and the 11th Vice President of the United States (d. 1864)
1804 - Emma Smith Inaugural President of the Women's Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1879)
1832 - Alvan Graham Clark, American telescope maker and astronomer (d. 1897)
1839 - Adolphus Busch, German-born brewer (d. 1913)
1856 - Nikola Tesla, Serb-American inventor and researcher (d. 1943); designed and built the first alternating current induction motor in 1883. He emigrated to the United States in 1884. Having discovered the benefits of a rotating magnetic field, the basis of most alternating-current machinery, he expanded its use in dynamos, transformers, and motors. Because alternating current could be transmitted over much greater distances than direct current, George Westinghouse bought patents from Tesla the system when he built the power station at Niagara Falls to provide electricity power the city of Buffalo, NY.
1875 - Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator (d. 1955)
1897 - Jack "Legs" Diamond, American bootlegger (d. 1931)
1900 - Mitchell Parish, American lyricist (d. 1993) "Star Dust", "Sweet Lorraine", "Deep Purple", "Stars Fell on Alabama", "Sophisticated Lady", "Volare" (English lyrics), "Moonlight Serenade", "Sleigh Ride", "One Morning in May", and "Louisiana Fairy Tale"
1917 - Donald Jeffrey Herbert (born Donald Jeffrey Herbert Kemske)(d. 2007), better known as Mr. Wizard, was an American television personality. He hosted two television shows about science aimed at children.
1920 - David Brinkley, American television reporter (d. 2003)
1920 - Edward H. Lowe (d. 1995) American inventor of Kitty Litter. After Navy duty (1941-45), Lowe joined his father's company in Cassopolis, Mich., selling industrial absorbents, including sawdust and an absorbent clay called Fuller's Earth. In 1947, Lowe suggested the use of the clay instead of ashes for his neighbor's cat's box to avoid sooty paw prints. It worked well and Lowe thought other cat owners would use this new cat-box filler. He filled ten brown bags with clay, wrote the name "Kitty Litter" on them and began selling it through the local pet store. By 1990, his marketing effort had grown into a clay mining and consumer product business, the largest U.S. producer of cat-box filler, now improved, 99% dust free, and sanitized against odor-causing bacteria. He held 67 US and foreign patents.
1920 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate for his discovery, with collaborator Emilio Segrè, of antiprotons, a sub-atomic antiparticle. (d. 2006)
1921 - Harvey Ross Ball (d. 2001) was an American commercial artist. He is recognized as the earliest known designer of the Smiley, which became an enduring and notable international icon.
1921 - Eunice Kennedy Shriver DSG (July 10, 1921 – August 11, 2009)[2] founded Camp Shriver, the precursor to the Special Olympics, in 1962. In 1968, she founded the Special Olympics.
1923 - Earl Hamner Jr., American author and television producer; Waltons, Falcon Crest
1923 - Jean Kerr, American author; Please Don't Eat the Daisies (d. 2003)
1923 - John Bradley, United States Navy corpsman, one of six who raised flag on top of Mt. Suribachi(see Iwo Jima) (d. 1994)
1926 - Fred Gwynne, American actor (d. 1993)
1927 - David Norman Dinkins, New York City Mayor, 1990-1993
1928 - Moshe Greenberg, American-Israeli Bible scholar
1931 - Jerry Herman, American composer and lyricist; scores for the hit Broadway musicals Hello, Dolly!, Mame, and La Cage aux Folles
1943 - Arthur Ashe, American tennis player (d. 1993)
1947 - Arlo Guthrie, American musician
1956 - Tom McClintock, American politician
1957 - Cindy Sheehan, American anti-war/political activist
Deaths:
1856 - John Locke (b. 1792) American geologist, surveyor and scientist who invented tools for surveyers, including a surveyor’s compass (patented 16 Jul 1850), a collimating level (Locke’s Hand Level, patented 2 Jul 1850) and a gravity escapement for regulator clocks. The electro-chronograph he constructed (1844-48) for the United States Coast Survey was installed in the Naval Observatory, Washington, in 1848. It improved determination of longitudes, as it was able to make a printed record on a time scale of an event to within one one-hundredth of a second. When connected via the nation's telegraph system, astronomers could record the time of events they observed from elsewhere in the country, by the pressing a telegraph key. Congress awarded him $10,000 for his inventions on 3 Mar 1849.
1908 - Phoebe Knapp (b. 1839) was a composer of music for over 500 hymn tunes--Blessed Assurance--and an organist;
1933 - Harold DeForest Arnold (b. 1883) American physicist whose research led to the development of long-distance telephony and radio communication. He worked at Western Electric on thermionic tubes, which amplified radio and telephone signals, leading to transcontinental telephony (July 1914). Even before the transcontinental line was completed, Arnold was directing work on the development of new higher power tubes to extend telephone service by radio to other continents. The first transcontinental demonstration of radio telephone (29 Sep 1915) was transmitted from New York City to Arlington, Virginia, then to San Francisco and Honolulu. Arnold later became the first director of research at Bell Telephone Labs (1925 to his death in 1933).
1941 - Jelly Roll Morton, American musician (b. 1890)
1943 - Frank Schlesinger (b. 1871) American astronomer who pioneered in the use of photography to map stellar positions and to measure stellar parallaxes, which could give more precise determinations of distance than visual ones, and with less than one hundredth as much time at the telescope. He designed instruments and mathematical and numerical techniques to improve parallax measurements. He published ten volumes of zone catalogs, including some 150,000 stars. He compiled positions, magnitudes, proper motions, radial velocities, and other data to produce the first edition and, with Louise Jenkins, the second, of the widely-used Bright Star Catalogues, making Yale a leading institution in astrometry. He established a second Yale observatory in South Africa.
1978 - John D Rockefeller III, American businessman (b. 1906)
1979 - Arthur Fiedler, American conductor (b. 1894)
1981 - Ken Rex McElroy, American hog rustler (b. 1936)
1987 - John Henry Hammond II (b. 1910) was an American record producer, musician and music critic from the 1930s to the early 1980s. In his service as a talent scout, Hammond became one of the most influential figures in 20th century popular music.
1989 - Mel Blanc, American voice actor; the voice of such well-known characters as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Sylvester the Cat, Tweety Bird, Foghorn Leghorn, Yosemite Sam, Wile E. Coyote, Woody Woodpecker, Barney Rubble, Mr. Spacely, Speed Buggy, Captain Caveman, Heathcliff, (b. 1908)
1999 - Aaron "Bunny" Lapin (b. 1914) American inventor of Reddi-Wip, whipped cream dessert topping in a spray can (1948). First sold by St. Louis milkmen, its distribution expanded quickly across N. America during America's postwar desire for convenience. Lapin became known as the Whipped Cream King. Lapin established Clayton Corp. to made his own valves for the can. He was issued U.S. patent 2,704,172 on 10 Mar 1955 for the valve. Clayton now also makes industrial valves, closures, caulk, adhesives and foamed plastic products such as insulation and cushioning materials. In 1998, Time listed Reddi-wip as one of the century's 100 great consumer items, along with the pop-top can and Spam. Reddi-Wip is now a brand of ConAgra's Beatrice Food
2008 - Hiroaki Aoki, founder of Benihana (b. 1938)
Christian Feast Day:
Amalberga of Maubeuge
Rufina and Secunda
Seven Brothers
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/7/10?catId=6
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm#lk
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_10
There are 174 days remaining until the end of the year.
116 days until Election Day Tuesday November 2nd, 2010
851 days until Election Day Tuesday November 6th, 2012
1499 - Portuguese explorer Nicolau Coelho returns to Lisbon, after discovering the sea route to India as a companion of Vasco da Gama.
1629 The first non-separatist Congregational church in America was established at Salem, Massachusetts.
1775 - Horatio Gates, issues order excluding blacks from Continental Army
1778 - American Revolution: Louis XVI of France declares war on the Kingdom of Great Britain.
1821 - The United States takes possession of its newly bought territory of Florida from Spain.
1832 - U.S.President Andrew Jackson vetoes a bill that would re-charter the Second Bank of the United States.
1850 - Millard Fillmore is inaugurated as the 13th President of the United States upon the death of President Zachary Taylor, 16 months into his term.
On this day in 1850, Vice President Millard Fillmore is sworn in as the 13th president of the United States. President Zachary Taylor had died the day before, five days after falling ill with a severe intestinal ailment on the Fourth of July.www.history.com/this-day-in-history/millard-fillmore-sworn-in-as-president
Fillmore's manner of ascending to the presidency earned him the nickname "His Accidency." He was only the second man to inherit the presidency after a president s death. The first was John Tyler, who had assumed the presidency in 1841 after William Henry Harrison died of pneumonia 30 days into office.
Fillmore was born in 1800 and came from humble beginnings in New York. As a young man, he worked as a wool-carder, cloth-dresser and school teacher. In 1823, he became a lawyer and rose to political prominence in the Whig Party as New York's representative to Congress between 1832 and 1842. In 1847, he was elected New York state comptroller and a year later was chosen as Taylor's vice-presidential running mate.
As vice president, Fillmore quietly expressed his support of a compromise in slavery legislation and thus appeared sympathetic to slave-owning interests. However, President Taylor opposed slavery and vowed to use force against southern states who threatened to secede if denied the right to use slave labor. During Fillmore's single term as president, he passed the Fugitive Slave Act (1850), which made it a crime to support slaves trying to escape to free territories. He also presided over an era of increased settlement across the western part of the continent. As white settlers clashed with indigenous peoples, Fillmore approved one-sided treaties that forcibly placed Native Americans onto government reservations. During this time, millions of Native Americans died from disease and starvation and in wars with government-funded militias.
After losing the support of his northern anti-slavery constituency, the incumbent Fillmore was defeated by the Democrat Franklin Pierce in the 1852 presidential race. After making two more unsuccessful bids for the presidency in 1856 and 1860, he retired to Buffalo, New York, where he served on various legal and historical committees until his death in 1874.
1851 - California Wesleyan College was chartered in Santa Clara, under sponsorship ofthe Methodist Church. In 1961 its name was changed to the University of the Pacific.
1886 Eruption of Tarawera volcano destroys famous pink & white calcium carbonate hot-spring terraces (North Island, New Zealand)
1889 - "Buckskin" Frank Leslie murders a prostitute,
In a drunken rage, "Buckskin" Frank Leslie murders his lover, the Tombstone prostitute Blonde Mollie Williams.www.history.com/this-day-in-history/buckskin-frank-leslie-murders-a-prostitute
Leslie was an ill-tempered and violent man, especially when he drank. He told conflicting stories about his early life. At times, he said he was from Texas, at other times from Kentucky. He sometimes claimed he had been trained in medicine and pharmacy, and he even boasted that he had studied in Europe. Supposedly, he earned the nickname "Buckskin" while working as an Army Scout in the Plains Indian Wars. None of his assertions can be confirmed in the historical record.
The record does tell us that in 1880, Leslie opened the Cosmopolitan Hotel in the mining town of Tombstone, Arizona. Shortly thereafter, he committed his first known murder, shooting Mike Killeen in a dispute over the man's wife. The killing was officially ruled to have been in self-defense, but suspicion of foul play arose when Leslie married Killeen's widow two months later.
Two years later, after Leslie badly pistol-whipped a man outside the Oriental Saloon, many Tombstone citizens began to suspect Leslie was a dangerous man. When the famous Tombstone gunslinger John Ringo was found murdered, suspicions again focused on Leslie, though law officers were unable to prove his guilt. Billy Claiborne, a friend of Ringo's, was so certain Leslie was the murderer that he called him out. Leslie shot the inexperienced young man dead.
Even among the notorious rabble of gunslingers and killers in Tombstone, Leslie was unusually violent. The people of Tombstone finally had their chance to get rid of him in 1889. Two years earlier, Leslie had divorced his wife and taken up with a Tombstone prostitute named Blonde Mollie Williams. The relationship eventually soured, and in a drunken fit of rage, Leslie shot the defenseless woman dead. With testimony from a ranch hand that had witnessed the killing, a Tombstone jury convicted Leslie of murder and sentenced him to 25 years.
Seven years later, Leslie won parole with the aid of a young divorcee named Belle Stowell. He soon married Stowell and seems to have made an effort to live a more peaceful life. He even reportedly made a small fortune in the Klondike Gold Rush. He moved to San Francisco in 1904. His fortunes thereafter quickly declined, and he disappeared from the historical record. He may have eventually committed suicide, but the true manner and date of his death remain unconfirmed.
1890 - Wyoming is admitted as the 44th U.S. state.
1892 - 1st concrete-paved street built (Bellefountaine, Ohio)
1913 - Death Valley, California hits 134 °F (~56.7 °C), the highest temperature recorded in the United States.
1914 - Boston Red Sox purchase Babe Ruth from the Baltimore Orioles
1926 - Lake Denmark, NJ arsenal explodes, kills 21, $75m damage
1925 -USSR's official news agency TASS established
1925 - Scopes Trial: In Dayton, Tennessee, the so-called "Monkey Trial" begins with John T. Scopes, a young high school science teacher accused of teaching evolution in violation of the Butler Act.
1934 - Carl Hubbell strikes out Ruth, Gehrig & Foxx in the All star game
1934 - 1st sitting US president to visit South America, FDR in Colombia
1936 109o F (43o C), Cumberland & Frederick, Maryland (state record)
1936 111o F (44o C), Phoenixville, Pennsylvania (state record)
1938 - Howard Hughes sets a new record by completing a 91 hour airplane flight around the world
1940 - World War II: the Vichy government is established in France.
1940 - World War II: Battle of Britain – The German Luftwaffe begins attacking British convoys in the English Channel thus starting the battle (this start date is contested, though).
1941 - Jedwabne Pogrom: the massacre of Jewish people living in and near the village of Jedwabne in Poland.
1943 - World War II: The launching of Operation Husky begins the Italian Campaign.
On July 10, 1943, the Allies begin their invasion of Axis-controlled Europe with landings on the island of Sicily, off mainland Italy. Encountering little resistance from the demoralized Sicilian troops, the British 8th Army under Field Marshal Bernard Law Montgomery came ashore on the southeast of the island, while the U.S. 7th Army under General George S. Patton landed on Sicily's south coast. Within three days, 150,000 Allied troops were ashore.www.history.com/this-day-in-history/7/10?catId=6
Italian leader Benito Mussolini envisioned building Fascist Italy into a new Roman Empire, but a string of military defeats in World War II effectively made his regime a puppet of its stronger Axis partner, Germany. By the spring of 1943, opposition groups in Italy were uniting to overthrow Mussolini and make peace with the Allies, but a strong German military presence in Italy threatened to resist any such action.
Meanwhile, Nazi leader Adolf Hitler knew that an Allied invasion of Nazi-controlled Europe was imminent, but because Germany's vast conquests stretched from Greece to France, Hitler was unable to concentrate his forces in any one place. In an elaborate plot to divert German forces away from Italy, a British submarine off Spain released the corpse of an Englishman wearing the uniform of a British major and carrying what appeared to be official Allied letters describing plans for an invasion of Greece. The body washed ashore, and the letters were sent by the Spanish to the German high command, who reinforced their units in Greece. The Axis had only 10 Italian divisions and two German panzer units on Sicily when Allied forces attacked in the early-morning hours of July 10.
First to land were American and British paratroopers and glider-borne troops, and at dawn thousands of amphibious troops came ashore. Coastal defenses manned by disaffected Sicilian troops collapsed after limited resistance, and the Anglo-Americans moved quickly to capture Sicily's southern cities. Within three days, the Allies had cleared the southeastern part of the island. In a pincer movement aimed at Messina in the northwest, the British 8th Army began moving up the southeast coast of the island, with the U.S. 7th Army moving east across the north coast. The Allies hoped to trap the Axis forces in the northwestern corner of Sicily before they could retreat to the Italian mainland. In the so-called "Race to Messina," Montgomery's advance up the southeast coast was slowed by German reinforcements, but Patton and the U.S. 7th Army moved quickly along the north coast, capturing Palermo, the Sicilian capital, on July 22.
In Rome, the Allied invasion of Sicily, a region of the kingdom of Italy since 1860, led to the collapse of Mussolini's government. Early in the morning of July 25, he was forced to resign by the Fascist Grand Council and was arrested later that day. On July 26, Marshal Pietro Badoglio assumed control of the Italian government. The new government promptly entered into secret negotiations with the Allies, despite the presence of numerous German troops in Italy.
Back in Sicily, Montgomery and Patton advanced steadily toward Messina, prompting the Germans to begin a withdrawal of Axis forces to the mainland. Some 100,000 German and Italian troops were evacuated before Patton won the race to Messina on August 17. Montgomery arrived a few hours later. The Allies suffered 23,000 casualties in their conquest of Sicily. German forces sustained 30,000 casualties, and the Italians 135,000. In addition, some 100,000 Axis troops were captured.
On September 3, Montgomery's 8th Army began an invasion of the Italian mainland at Calabria, and the Italian government agreed to surrender to the Allies. By the terms of the agreement, the Italians would be treated with leniency if they aided the Allies in expelling the Germans from Italy. Later that month, Mussolini was rescued from a prison in the Abruzzo Mountains by German commandos and was installed as leader of a Nazi puppet state in northern Italy.
In October, the Badoglio government declared war on Germany, but the Allied advance up Italy proved a slow and costly affair. Rome fell in June 1944, at which point a stalemate ensued as British and American forces threw most of their resources into the Normandy invasion. In April 1945, a new major offensive began, and on April 28 Mussolini was captured by Italian partisans and summarily executed. German forces in Italy surrendered on May 1, and six days later all of Germany surrendered.
1962 - Telstar, the world's first communications satellite, is launched into orbit. U.S. patent was issued to Swedish engineer, Nils Bohlen, for the three-point seat-belt (No. 3,043,625). His lap and and shoulder design is now familiar as the passenger-restraint safety device in cars that has saved countless lives. His design replaced the earlier style of a single safety belts strapped across the body, with the buckle placed over the abdomen, which often caused severe internal injuries in high-speed crashes. Bohlin assigned the patent to Volvo, the car manufacturer for whom he worked. From Aug 1959, Volvo incorporated Bohlin's seat belt into the vehicles they manufactured. The company also made the design freely available to other car manufacturers to save more lives.
1965 - Rolling Stones score their 1st #1, "I Can't Get No Satisfaction"
1966 - The Chicago Freedom Movement, lead by Martin Luther King, holds a rally at Soldier Field in Chicago, Illinois. As many as 60,000 people came to hear Dr. King as well as Mahalia Jackson, Stevie Wonder, and Peter, Paul and Mary.
1972 - Democratic convention opens in Miami Beach Florida nominates McGovern
1976 - One American and three British mercenaries are executed in Angola following the Luanda Trial.
1978 - World News Tonight premieres on ABC.
1985 - Greenpeace vessel Rainbow Warrior is bombed and sunk in Auckland, New Zealand harbor by French DGSE agents.
1991 - Boris Yeltsin begins his 5-year term as the first elected President of Russia.
1992 - In Miami, Florida, former Panamanian leader Manuel Noriega is sentenced to 40 years in prison for drug and racketeering violations.
1997 - In London scientists report the findings of the DNA analysis of a Neanderthal skeleton which support the "out of Africa theory" of human evolution placing an "African Eve" at 100,000 to 200,000 years ago.
1998 - Roman Catholic sex abuse cases: The Diocese of Dallas agrees to pay $23.4 million to nine former altar boys who claimed they were sexually abused by former priest Rudolph Kos.
1999 - U.S. women win World Cup
On July 10, 1999, the U.S. women’s soccer team defeats China to win their second Women’s World Cup. The game ended in a 5-4 shootout after 120 scoreless minutes: 90 tightly played minutes of regulation dictated by the United States and 30 tense minutes of overtime largely controlled by the Chinese. The title game was played at the Rose Bowl in southern California in front of 90,185 fans, the largest crowd ever to attend a women’s sporting event.www.history.com/this-day-in-history/us-women-win-world-cup
The first-ever Women’s World Cup was held in China in 1991. In the final, American midfielder and tournament MVP Michelle Akers scored two goals--her ninth and tenth of the tournament--to lead the United States to a 2-1 win over Norway. The team returned home victorious but to little fanfare. In 1995, the U.S. again had a strong showing, placing third behind Germany and champion Norway, but still few at home took notice.
The 1999 World Cup, though, was a much different story. The event was to be held in the United States, where soccer’s popularity was at an all-time high and growing, especially among young girls. The team was finally well-covered in the media and tickets were snapped up early by fans eager to see their new heroes perform. The team’s stars, newly recognizable to the public, included veteran midfielder Michelle Akers, international scoring champion Mia Hamm, midfielder Julie Foudy, midfielder/forward Kristine Lilly and defender Brandi Chastain.
Heading into the Cup, the U.S. and China, both deep and talented squads with lots of international experience, were widely recognized as the favorites. The Chinese were led by striker Sun Wen, considered one of the most dangerous scorers in the tournament, and keeper Gao Hong, who was known for her athleticism. When the two teams made the final, the stage was set for a historic match.
Thirty-three-year-old Michelle Akers, playing in her final World Cup for the United States, was the star of the game, controlling the midfield and funneling balls to her forwards to set up the attack. In 90 minutes of regulation, the Chinese managed only two shots on the U.S. goal. Akers who suffered from Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, collapsed after colliding with goalie Brianna Scurry and had to leave the game after the second half. The Chinese team was now rid of their foil, and the momentum swung their way during overtime. On a corner kick in the U.S. end, Chinese defender Fan Yunjie headed the ball toward the U.S. goal. Scurry couldn’t make the save, but just as the game seemed lost, defender Kristine Lilly, standing at the goal-line, headed the ball away from the cage. After a full 120 scoreless minutes, the teams entered a shootout, in which each would be given five penalty shots on goal.
With the score tied 2-2 in the shootout, U.S. goalie Brianna Scurry dove left to make a save on China’s Liu Ying, giving the U.S. a chance to win. With the score tied at 4-4, all eyes were on Brandi Chastain, the last American to shoot. Chastain avoided eye contact with Gao Hong so as not to let the intimidating Chinese goalkeeper psych her out. She boomed a kick into the upper-right corner of the net, then ran and ripped off her jersey in celebration. The picture of Chastain celebrating on her knees clad in her sports bra became the enduring image of the match.
2002 - At a Sotheby's auction, Peter Paul Rubens' painting The Massacre of the Innocents is sold for £49.5million (US$76.2 million) to Lord Thomson.
2005 - Hurricane Dennis slams into the Florida Panhandle, causing billions of dollars in damage.
Births:
1509 John Calvin, French religious reformer. His 'Institutes of the Christian Religion' became the most popular doctrinal statement of the Protestant Reformation.
1666 - John Ernest Grabe, German-born Anglican theologian (d. 1711)
1682 - Bartholomaeus Ziegenbalg, German Lutheran missionary to India (d. 1719)
1723 - William Blackstone, English judge, jurist and professor who produced the historical and analytic treatise on the common law entitled Commentaries on the Laws of England, first published in four volumes over 1765–1769. It had an extraordinary success, reportedly bringing the author £14,000, and still remains an important source on classical views of the common law and its principles. (d. 1780)
1792 - George Mifflin Dallas, U.S. Senator from Pennsylvania and the 11th Vice President of the United States (d. 1864)
1804 - Emma Smith Inaugural President of the Women's Relief Society of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (d. 1879)
1832 - Alvan Graham Clark, American telescope maker and astronomer (d. 1897)
1839 - Adolphus Busch, German-born brewer (d. 1913)
1856 - Nikola Tesla, Serb-American inventor and researcher (d. 1943); designed and built the first alternating current induction motor in 1883. He emigrated to the United States in 1884. Having discovered the benefits of a rotating magnetic field, the basis of most alternating-current machinery, he expanded its use in dynamos, transformers, and motors. Because alternating current could be transmitted over much greater distances than direct current, George Westinghouse bought patents from Tesla the system when he built the power station at Niagara Falls to provide electricity power the city of Buffalo, NY.
1875 - Mary McLeod Bethune, American educator (d. 1955)
1897 - Jack "Legs" Diamond, American bootlegger (d. 1931)
1900 - Mitchell Parish, American lyricist (d. 1993) "Star Dust", "Sweet Lorraine", "Deep Purple", "Stars Fell on Alabama", "Sophisticated Lady", "Volare" (English lyrics), "Moonlight Serenade", "Sleigh Ride", "One Morning in May", and "Louisiana Fairy Tale"
1917 - Donald Jeffrey Herbert (born Donald Jeffrey Herbert Kemske)(d. 2007), better known as Mr. Wizard, was an American television personality. He hosted two television shows about science aimed at children.
1920 - David Brinkley, American television reporter (d. 2003)
1920 - Edward H. Lowe (d. 1995) American inventor of Kitty Litter. After Navy duty (1941-45), Lowe joined his father's company in Cassopolis, Mich., selling industrial absorbents, including sawdust and an absorbent clay called Fuller's Earth. In 1947, Lowe suggested the use of the clay instead of ashes for his neighbor's cat's box to avoid sooty paw prints. It worked well and Lowe thought other cat owners would use this new cat-box filler. He filled ten brown bags with clay, wrote the name "Kitty Litter" on them and began selling it through the local pet store. By 1990, his marketing effort had grown into a clay mining and consumer product business, the largest U.S. producer of cat-box filler, now improved, 99% dust free, and sanitized against odor-causing bacteria. He held 67 US and foreign patents.
1920 - Owen Chamberlain, American physicist, Nobel Prize laureate for his discovery, with collaborator Emilio Segrè, of antiprotons, a sub-atomic antiparticle. (d. 2006)
1921 - Harvey Ross Ball (d. 2001) was an American commercial artist. He is recognized as the earliest known designer of the Smiley, which became an enduring and notable international icon.
1921 - Eunice Kennedy Shriver DSG (July 10, 1921 – August 11, 2009)[2] founded Camp Shriver, the precursor to the Special Olympics, in 1962. In 1968, she founded the Special Olympics.
1923 - Earl Hamner Jr., American author and television producer; Waltons, Falcon Crest
1923 - Jean Kerr, American author; Please Don't Eat the Daisies (d. 2003)
1923 - John Bradley, United States Navy corpsman, one of six who raised flag on top of Mt. Suribachi(see Iwo Jima) (d. 1994)
1926 - Fred Gwynne, American actor (d. 1993)
1927 - David Norman Dinkins, New York City Mayor, 1990-1993
1928 - Moshe Greenberg, American-Israeli Bible scholar
1931 - Jerry Herman, American composer and lyricist; scores for the hit Broadway musicals Hello, Dolly!, Mame, and La Cage aux Folles
1943 - Arthur Ashe, American tennis player (d. 1993)
1947 - Arlo Guthrie, American musician
1956 - Tom McClintock, American politician
1957 - Cindy Sheehan, American anti-war/political activist
Deaths:
1856 - John Locke (b. 1792) American geologist, surveyor and scientist who invented tools for surveyers, including a surveyor’s compass (patented 16 Jul 1850), a collimating level (Locke’s Hand Level, patented 2 Jul 1850) and a gravity escapement for regulator clocks. The electro-chronograph he constructed (1844-48) for the United States Coast Survey was installed in the Naval Observatory, Washington, in 1848. It improved determination of longitudes, as it was able to make a printed record on a time scale of an event to within one one-hundredth of a second. When connected via the nation's telegraph system, astronomers could record the time of events they observed from elsewhere in the country, by the pressing a telegraph key. Congress awarded him $10,000 for his inventions on 3 Mar 1849.
1908 - Phoebe Knapp (b. 1839) was a composer of music for over 500 hymn tunes--Blessed Assurance--and an organist;
1933 - Harold DeForest Arnold (b. 1883) American physicist whose research led to the development of long-distance telephony and radio communication. He worked at Western Electric on thermionic tubes, which amplified radio and telephone signals, leading to transcontinental telephony (July 1914). Even before the transcontinental line was completed, Arnold was directing work on the development of new higher power tubes to extend telephone service by radio to other continents. The first transcontinental demonstration of radio telephone (29 Sep 1915) was transmitted from New York City to Arlington, Virginia, then to San Francisco and Honolulu. Arnold later became the first director of research at Bell Telephone Labs (1925 to his death in 1933).
1941 - Jelly Roll Morton, American musician (b. 1890)
1943 - Frank Schlesinger (b. 1871) American astronomer who pioneered in the use of photography to map stellar positions and to measure stellar parallaxes, which could give more precise determinations of distance than visual ones, and with less than one hundredth as much time at the telescope. He designed instruments and mathematical and numerical techniques to improve parallax measurements. He published ten volumes of zone catalogs, including some 150,000 stars. He compiled positions, magnitudes, proper motions, radial velocities, and other data to produce the first edition and, with Louise Jenkins, the second, of the widely-used Bright Star Catalogues, making Yale a leading institution in astrometry. He established a second Yale observatory in South Africa.
1978 - John D Rockefeller III, American businessman (b. 1906)
1979 - Arthur Fiedler, American conductor (b. 1894)
1981 - Ken Rex McElroy, American hog rustler (b. 1936)
1987 - John Henry Hammond II (b. 1910) was an American record producer, musician and music critic from the 1930s to the early 1980s. In his service as a talent scout, Hammond became one of the most influential figures in 20th century popular music.
1989 - Mel Blanc, American voice actor; the voice of such well-known characters as Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck, Porky Pig, Sylvester the Cat, Tweety Bird, Foghorn Leghorn, Yosemite Sam, Wile E. Coyote, Woody Woodpecker, Barney Rubble, Mr. Spacely, Speed Buggy, Captain Caveman, Heathcliff, (b. 1908)
1999 - Aaron "Bunny" Lapin (b. 1914) American inventor of Reddi-Wip, whipped cream dessert topping in a spray can (1948). First sold by St. Louis milkmen, its distribution expanded quickly across N. America during America's postwar desire for convenience. Lapin became known as the Whipped Cream King. Lapin established Clayton Corp. to made his own valves for the can. He was issued U.S. patent 2,704,172 on 10 Mar 1955 for the valve. Clayton now also makes industrial valves, closures, caulk, adhesives and foamed plastic products such as insulation and cushioning materials. In 1998, Time listed Reddi-wip as one of the century's 100 great consumer items, along with the pop-top can and Spam. Reddi-Wip is now a brand of ConAgra's Beatrice Food
2008 - Hiroaki Aoki, founder of Benihana (b. 1938)
Christian Feast Day:
Amalberga of Maubeuge
Rufina and Secunda
Seven Brothers
www.history.com/this-day-in-history/7/10?catId=6
www.scopesys.com/cgi-bin/today2.cgi
www.hymntime.com/tch/index.htm#lk
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/July_10